煤矸石去除矿井水中污染物的有效性对于评价目前煤矿区实施的地下水库技术及实现矿井水的高效综合利用具有重要意义。以神华神东煤炭集团公司补连塔煤矿取得的煤矸石为水处理剂、取得的矿井水作为研究对象,通过柱实验研究室温条件下煤矸石对矿井水中有机物和氨氮的去除效果。研究结果表明:在6.44个孔隙体积数(PV数)的矿井水的淋滤实验过程中,煤矸石对矿井水中DOC的去除能力可达到64%,这与煤矸石中高岭石、白云母、伊利石和绿泥石等铝硅酸盐矿物对有机物的吸附、降解作用有关,但其对矿井水中芳香族化合物的阻滞及去除能力小。实验过程中煤矸石对氨氮的去除效率逐渐下降但仍能达到81%,因此研究用煤矸石对矿井水中氨氮有着较高的去除能力,这主要是由于煤矸石中含有的伊利石及高岭石均具有一定的阳离子交换容量而对氨氮起到吸附作用。试验中后期,流出液p H值高于了原水值,这与氨氮的水解作用有关,出水ORP显著下降,这说明在模拟的水-岩系统中还原环境不断增强,有机物的降解作用得到增强。

Good understanding of removal efficiencies of pollutants in coal mine water by coal gangue is of great signifi- cance to evaluate the coal mine underground reservoir technology and effective comprehensive usage of coal mine wa- ter. Column experiments at room temperature were carried out to study the removal efficiencies of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and ammonium in coal mine water by the filled coal gangue from the gob area of Bulianta Coal Mine. The results show that the removal efficiency of dissolved organic carbon ( DOC) is 64% after 6. 44 pore volumes (PV) effluents,which is related to the adsorption and biodegradation of DOC by aluminosilicate minerals such as kao- linite,muscovite,illite and chlorite in the studied matrix,which has low retardation capacity of aromatic compounds in the studied DOM. Meanwhile,the removal efficiency of ammonium decreases with time and amounts to 81% at the end of experiments,which is related to the limited adsorption capacity of kaolinite and illite in the matrix. The pH value of the effluent is higher than that of the studied raw water after 1 PV,which could be induced by the variation of hydro- lytic action of ammonium in the column. In addition,Oxidation-reduction Potential ( ORP ) of the effluent decreases obviously with time,indicating the enhancement of reducing environment and biodegradation ability.