1.China Coal Research Institute,Beijing ,China; 2.Coal Chemistry Branch of China Coal Research Institute,Beijing ,China;3.State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization,Beijing ,China;4.National Energy Technology and Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing ,China

针对低阶煤热解工业化进程中面临焦油品质差、粉尘夹带严重、油尘难分离等技术瓶颈,从焦油收率和品质调控、粉尘控制与除尘技术的角度分析了其原因,综述了相关的研究进展及技术应用情况。热解新工艺的开发要充分考虑催化热解、富氢气氛和二次反应调控等工艺的结合与应用,研发催化热解—催化气化或燃烧耦合一体化技术以实现催化剂的循环、低成本利用;优先选用源头控尘热解工艺,尽可能抑制粉尘的产生和实现反应器内高效控尘,减轻后续的净化分离负荷;高温气固分离应加强颗粒床除尘、高温静电除尘、高温洗涤除尘等技术的研发,并尽可能避免长流程除尘工艺,提高系统的可靠性。

As a high efficient technique for coal resource utilization, pyrolysis of low rank coal has been facing issues, such as unsatisfactory quality of coal tar, serious dust and inefficient dedusting of high temperature gaseous phase product during the process of industrialization. The reasons of these issues are analyzed and research progress is reviewed from the aspects of coal tar yield and quality adjustion, dust control and dedusting technology. Based on that, some directions of new technique research and development are proposed combining the newest application of pyrolysis technology.The catalytic pyrolysis, rich-hydrogen atmosphere and secondary reaction control shall be integrated to form catalytic pyrolysis-catalytic gasification or combustion coupling technology in order to realize catalyst cyclical and low-cost utilization. The restraint of dust generation and dust control in pyrolysis furnace are more effective than dedusting in the subsequent purification process, which needs the technical support of granular bed filter, high temperature electrostatic dust collection and high temperature washing dust-removal and others. The long flow process shall be avoided in the subsequent purification to improve the reliability of integral engineering.