1.China Coal Research Institute,Beijing ,China;2.Research Institute of Coal Chemistry,China Coal Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing ,China;3.State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization,Beijing ,China;4.National Energy Technology and Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing ,China

针对低阶煤热解工艺普遍存在的焦油产率低、焦油中重质组分（沸点高于360 ℃的组分）含量高等关键技术问题，从煤热解机理及焦油产生过程出发，探讨了影响焦油产率和品质的主要因素，提出通过原煤预处理强化挥发分的组成和结构的控制、设计结构创新的热解反应器调控煤颗粒的热解和挥发分的二次反应过程、协同控制热解条件、控制油气中粉尘含量等提高焦油产率和品质的方法。期望新型的热解技术可处理较宽粒度范围的煤，降低挥发分在高温区的停留时间、抑制焦油二次反应，提高轻质焦油含量，并降低焦油中粉尘含量，构建热解条件和焦油组成之间的协同调控，实现煤热解油品品质强化。

In order to solve the key technical problems of the low yield of tar and the high heavy components content in tar(boiling points above 360 ℃),which limits the development of coal pyrolysis industry,the major influence factors on the yield and quality of tar are discussed based on the coal pyrolysis mechanism and tar production process.Some constructive methods are proposed in this paper such as change the composition and structure of volatiles by coal pretreatment,devise the new reactor to control the pyrolysis reaction of coal and the secondary reaction of volatiles,adjust synergistically the pyrolysis reaction conditions to increase field and improve the quality of tar.It is expected that the new pyrolysis technology could use the wide particle size-distributed coal and realize the improvement of coal quality through reducing the residence time of volatiles in high temperature zone,restrain the secondary reaction of volatiles,improve light tar content and decrease dust content in tar,build associate controlling methods of pyrolysis reaction conditions and tar component regulation,so as to realize enhancement of the quality of coal pyrolysis.