Xi’an Research Institute, China Coal Technology and Engineering Group, Xi’an , China

为解决煤矿井下硬岩层定向钻进效率低的难题,提出将单弯螺杆马达与液动潜孔锤组合在一起,形成的复合钻具具有硬岩层中轨迹可控和钻进效率高的特点。介绍了复合钻具的组成及实现冲击回转定向钻进的原理,研究了具体实施方法,包括:钻具组合形式、工具选型、流量匹配、随钻测量系统防振以及专用钻头设计。研究结果表明:液动潜孔锤置于单弯螺杆马达与钻头之间较为合理;为满足液动潜孔锤低转速的要求和单弯螺杆马达调角的需要,定制了低转速可调弯外壳螺杆马达;随钻测量系统与钻具之间设计了双向减振短节;根据不同工具工作排量,提出了3种流量匹配的方法;基于复合钻具碎岩机理,设计了柱-片混合型钻头;最后指出了可能存在的问题,并给出了解决问题的建议。

In order to solve the problem of low efficiency of directional drilling in hard rock underground coal mine, the combination of single bending screw motor and hydro hammer is put forward, which has the characteristics of controlled trajectory and high efficiency of directional drilling in hard rock. This paper introduces the combination of the compound drilling tools and the principle of realizing the impact rotary directional drilling, and studies the concrete implementation methods, including the combination of drilling tools, the selection of tools, the matching of flow, the anti-vibration of the drilling measurement system and the design of special bit. The results show that the hydro hammer should be set up between the single curved screw motor and the bit. In order to meet the requirements of the low speed of the hydro hammer and the need of the bending angle of the single bending screw motor, a low speed and adjustable curved shell screw motor is made. According to the work displacement of different drilling tools, three kinds of flow matching methods are put forward. Based on the mechanism of rock breaking by compound drilling, a column-chip mixed type bit is designed. Finally, the possible problems are put forward, and some suggestions for solving the problems are given.