选用5种原料煤,3种添加剂分别考察煤结构特性和添加剂种类对制备活性炭性能的影响,以比表面积、孔径分布、CO2吸附量、碘值、微晶结构尺寸对活性炭进行表征。结果表明:由于5种原料煤结构特性的不同,经炭化之后微晶高度和层片宽度都有不同程度的变化。太西煤炭化料的微晶结构在后期活化阶段最为适宜,从而以灰分低、挥发分适中的太西无烟煤为原料,制备的活性炭微孔最为发达,吸附CO2的性能最佳;3种添加剂中NH4Cl+KNO3效果最为显著,制备的活性炭比表面积为1093 m2/g,微孔孔容为0.415 m L/g,CO2的吸附量为2.41 mmol/g（0.1 MPa,25℃）。

Five coals and three additives were used to investigate the influence of coal structural characteristics and ad- ditives on the performance of activated carbon prepared under the same conditions. The specific surface area,pore size distribution,iodine number were used to characterize the activated carbon. The results show that the changes in micro- crystalline height and width of carbonized coals are mainly attributed to the different structural characteristics of the five raw coals. The microcrystalline structure of Taixi coal is most suitable in activation stage,and the activated carbon produced from Taixi anthracite with low ash and moderate volatile matter has the most porous micropore and the best adsorption capacity of CO2 . Among the three additives,the effect of NH4 Cl+KNO3 is the most significant,by which the specific surface area of the activated carbon is 1 093 m2 / g,the micropore volume is 0. 415 mL / g and the adsorption capacity of CO2 is 2. 41 mmol / g(0. 1 MPa,25 ℃ ).