矿井通风系统是矿井的呼吸系统,它源源不断地将地面新鲜空气输送到井下各作业地点,稀释和排除井下各种有毒、有害的气体和矿尘,也是防治煤与瓦斯爆炸、降温、除尘、灭火的重要技术手段。 

实现矿井通风智能化是实现智能开采、建设智慧矿山的主要技术保障。

 通风智能化不仅涉及到空间科学、采矿技术和流体力学理论,更需要数学、自动化、计算机和信息科学的底层支持,由于缺乏完善的理论和技术支撑,长期以来矿井通风作业都停留在人工和半人工状态。

 为了彻底解决矿井通风智能化,本文从风网的拓扑结构和状态方程入手,逐一对自然分风算法、按需分风计算和风阻调节优化等理论疑点进行了深入讨论,对按需调风优化、均压调节优化、风向调节优化、联合调节优化、在线闭环调控、监控点优化布局、通风系统状态估计、需风量超前预测、反风风道识别、可靠性调节优化、通风系统初始化、通风系统故障诊断、智能调控风门风窗、通风智能化软件系统等关键技术进行了深入研究。

 针对这些问题,给出理论上比较完善的、技术上比较可行的、能够付诸实施的解决方案,最后,以计算机软件技术为主线,设计了 4 层体系架构,并定义了每层架构的技术内涵和主要功能模块,简要说明了应用场景,为打造全程智能化的矿井通风系统提供借鉴。

Mine ventilation system is the respiratory system of mine,its task is to continuously deliver fresh air from ground to every workplace underground,and dilute and eliminate all kinds of poisonous and harmful gases and mineral dust underground. Mine ventilation is the main technical means to prevent coal and gas blast,and provide cooling,de- dusting and fire-fighting. Mine ventilation can ensure the physical and mental health of underground workers and well operation of equipment. Intelligent mine ventilation is also the main technical guarantee for intelligent mining and smart mine construction. Intelligent ventilation is not only related to spatial science,mining technology and hydrody- namics theory,it also needs the support of mathematics,automation,computer and information science. Due to the lack of perfect theoretical and technical support,for a long time,mine ventilation operation has remained in manual and semi manual state. This paper starts with the topological structure and state equation of ventilation network,and discus- ses some theoretical problems such as the algorithm of natural flow distribution,the calculation of flow distribution on demand and the optimization of resistance regulation in detail. Also,some key technologies are investigated such as the optimization of air regulation on demand,pressure equalizing regulation,optimization of airflow direction regulation,op- timization integrated regulation,real time closed loop control,optimized layout of monitoring points,ventilation system state estimation,early prediction of air demand,identification of reverse branch,reliability regulation optimization,ven- tilation system status initialization,ventilation system fault diagnosis,intelligent control air door and window,and intel- lectualized software system. With respect to such problems,this paper gives a complete solutions. These schemes are perfect in theory,technically feasible and can be put into practice. Lastly,to take computer software technology as the main line,the authors have designed a four tier architecture,defined the technical connotation and main function mod- ules of each layer,and illustrated the application prospect. It lays the foundation for building the whole intelligent mine ventilation system.