针对冲击危险巷道防冲吸能支护缺乏量化设计方法这一难题，从冲击地压巷道围岩的静-动力学环境与结构特征两方面，开展防冲吸能支护强度计算方法研究。研究表明：由于支护与卸压双重作用，巷道周围形成了以巷内支护层、锚固层、卸压层以及原岩层为主的多层圆环结构，各层圆环内的围岩材料性能在巷道围岩径向方向形成典型的梯度结构特征。基于拟静态法，将远场冲击动载荷与围岩静载荷叠加，通过简化锚固层内锚杆（索）支护作用，弱化卸压层内煤岩力学参数，建立了冲击地压巷道围岩梯度结构力学模型。利用梯度结构内多层圆环接触面上的应力计算方法，进行了梯度结构围岩内多层圆环接触面间的受力分析，验证了弱化卸压层内的煤岩力学性能、增加卸压层的结构尺寸、提高锚固层的支护强度，可减小冲击载荷对巷内支护层的作用，提高巷内支护层的抗冲击能力。引入冲击破坏等级系数，建立了吸能防冲支护强度与冲击地压等级间的关系，给出了冲击危险巷道三级吸能防冲支护的强度计算方法，实现了冲击危险巷道吸能防冲支护参数的量化设计。结合某矿具体工程实践，核算了该矿所采用的“锚杆（索）+可缩性36U棚支架+液压抬棚和吸能液压支架”三级吸能防冲支参数最大能够抵抗等级为2级（相当于震源距离巷道100 m，释放10⁸ J能量）的冲击地压。

To develope a quantitative design method for anti-impact and energy absorption support in rockburst roadway,the strength calculation method of anti-impact and energy absorption support was studied,considering static and dynamic stress environment of surrounding rock and structural characteristics of rockburst roadway. The results showed that the surrounding rock in rockburst roadways forms a multi-layer ring structure with support layer,anchorage layer,pressure-relief layer and elastic layer due to the double existence of support and pressure relief engineerings. Further,the surrounding rock with multi-layer structure behaves typical gradient physical properties in the radial direction of the roadway. Using quasi-static method,a mechanical model of the surrounding rock with gradient structure in rockburst roadway was established,by superposing the far-field impact loading and the surrounding rock static loading,simplifying the anchor bolt in the anchorage layer,and weakening the mechanical parameters of the coal-rock mass in the pressure-relief layer. And then the force analysis between the contact surfaces of multi-layer ring in the gradient surrounding rock structure was carried out and calculated the stress on contact surface of multi-layer ring structures. The reduction of impact loading on the support layer and the enhance of rockburst-resistant level of the support layer in the roadway can be achieved by weakening the mechanical properties of coal and rock in the pressure-relief layer,increasing the structural size of the pressure-relief layer and increasing the support strength of the anchorage layer. The impact damage level coefficient was introduced to establish the relationship between the energy absorption support strength and rockburst level. Finally,strength calculation method of three-level burst-resistant support for impact mines was proposed. The quantitative design of anti-impact and energy absorption support parameters for rockburst roadway was realized. Combined with the engineering practice of some mine,it was verified that the three-level energy absorption and burst-resistant support parameters of “ bolt ( cable) +36U retractable support+hydraulic lifting shed and anti-impact hydraulic support” adopted by the mine can resist the rockburst of level 2 at the maximum( equivalent to the shock source releasing energy 10……8J and 100 m away from the roadway).