煤层是典型的黏弹各向异性介质，将黏弹性和各向异性两种性质结合起来的槽波研究较少。以弱各向异性煤层为研究对象，应用Thomsen等效介质理论，采用Kelvin-Voigt黏弹性模型，研究了黏弹TI(Transverse Isotropy)介质3层水平层状模型Love槽波频散与衰减特征;推导了3层水平介质的Love槽波频散方程解，可以计算品质因子随频率变化的情况;分析了各向异性参数γ、煤层横波品质因子Qs值变化及煤层Qs随频率变化对Love槽波频散、品质因子和衰减曲线的影响;模拟了煤层Qs=10和Qs=20时三维槽波波场传播过程。得到：TI介质和各向同性介质的槽波品质因子和衰减系数基阶曲线差别小，各向异性参数γ对Love槽波品质因子和衰减系数影响较小;煤层Qs对Love槽波频散曲线影响很小，主要影响槽波品质因子和衰减系数曲线，煤层Qs=10时槽波衰减系数值比Qs=20和30时大很多;目前煤层Qs在0~1 000 Hz内是否随频率变化尚无定论，假设煤层Qs随频率线性减小，各阶槽波品质因子曲线低频部分差异很小，高频部分差异变大，当Qs减小到10时，槽波衰减系数随频率增长很快;对于三维槽波波场，煤层Qs=20时透射Love槽波和基阶Rayleigh槽波能量较强，而Qs=10时这些波衰减很快，对面巷道接收不到，说明实际工程中接收不到这些波的原因很大可能是煤层Qs很小;针对实际工作面探测中接收不到Love槽波和基阶Rayleigh槽波的情况，可以利用速度较高、衰减相对较小的高阶Rayleigh槽波探测。

The coal seam is a typical viscoelastic anisotropic medium. At present, there is little research on channel waves that combine viscoelasticity and anisotropy. By taking weakly anisotropic coal seams as the research object, applying the Thomsen equivalent medium theory, and adopting the Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic model, the frequency dispersion and attenuation characteristics of the Love channel waves in the horizontal three-layer model of viscoelastic TI (Transverse Isotropy) medium is studied. The solution of dispersion equation of the Love channel waves for the horizontal three-layer model is derived, which can calculate the case that the quality factor parameter changes with frequency. The influence of the anisotropic parameters γ, the change of coal seam Qs (shear wave quality factor) and the change of Qs with frequency on the dispersion and attenuation characteristics of Love channel waves is analyzed. The propagation process of 3D (three dimensional) channel wave field with coal seam Qs of 10 and 20 is simulated. The following conclusions can be obtained. The difference between quality factor and attenuation coefficient curves of the fundamental-mode Love channel waves of TI and isotropic medium is small. The anisotropic parameter γ has little effect on the quality factor and attenuation coefficient of the Love channel waves. The Qs of the coal seam has little influence on the velocity dispersion curves of the Love channel waves, and it mainly affects the quality factor and attenuation coefficient curves of the Love channel waves. When the Qs of the coal seam is 10, the value of attenuation coefficient of the love channel waves is much larger than that the Qs is 20 and 30. Whether the Qs of the coal seam changes with frequency within the range of 0–1 000 Hz is not yet definitive at present. Assuming that the Qs of coal seam decreases linearly with frequency, the difference of the low-frequency part of the quality factor curves is small, the difference in the low-frequency part of the quality factor curves of different mode Love channel waves is small, and the difference in the high-frequency part becomes larger. When the Qs is reduced to 10, the attenuation coefficient of Love channel waves increases rapidly with the frequency. For the 3D channel wave field, when the Qs of the coal seam is 20, the energy of the transmission Love channel waves and the transmission fundamental-mode Rayleigh channel waves is strong, and when the Qs is 10, these waves attenuate quickly and cannot be received by the opposite roadway. It shows that the reason why these waves can not be received in practical engineering is probably that the Qs of coal seam is very small. When the Love channel waves and the fundamental-mode Rayleigh channel waves cannot be received in the field working surface detection, the high-mode Rayleigh channel waves with high speed and relatively small attenuation can be used.

1 黏弹TI介质理论 

　　1.1 TI介质模型 

　　1.2 黏弹介质模型 

2 黏弹TI介质3层模型煤层Love槽波频散与衰减计算分析 

　　2.1 黏弹TI介质Love槽波理论频散方程求解 

　　2.2 黏弹TI介质Love槽波频散和衰减性质分析 

3 三维黏弹TI介质槽波数值模拟 

　　3.1 三维HTI介质一阶速度–应力弹性波方程 

　　3.2 黏弹VTI介质槽波波场模拟 

4 结论