燃煤电厂煤中砷（As）的形态在燃烧过程中不可避免地会发生转化。煤及其副产物中砷的形态与人体健康和环境安全密切相关,亟待鉴别。然而目前针对煤燃烧相关产物中砷形态的前处理手段和分析方法尚缺乏。本研究采用高效液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法（HPLC-HG-AFS）成功测定了电厂煤、粉煤灰和石膏中砷的形态,优化了仪器参数、提取试剂和前处理方法（超声和微波辅助）。优化后,无机砷的分离时间缩短至7 min,As（III）和As（V）的检出限分别为1.8 ng/g和4.6 ng/g。砷形态的高效提取剂为1.0 mol/L磷酸和0.1 mol/L抗坏血酸的混合溶液。微波辅助（2000 W、80℃、40 min）和超声辅助（40 kHz、20℃、40 min）分别是煤/粉煤灰和石膏样品中砷形态的最佳提取方法。在微波和超声波辅助提取条件下,As（III）/As（V）的回收率分别为95.8%/104.5%和90.6%/89.7%。样品分析结果表明,煤中砷主要以As（V）形式存在,As（III）所占比例很小,而在粉煤灰和石膏中只观察到As（V）。该研究揭示了As（III）向As（V）的转化是气态砷捕获的关键,可以为控制电厂砷排放提供科学依据。

1 Materials and methods
1.1 Samples preparation
1.2 Reagents
1.3 As extraction and determination
1.3.1 Total As analysis
1.3.2 As speciation analysis
2 Results and discussion
2.1 As chromatographic separation
2.2 As speciation extraction
2.2.1 Optimization of extraction reagent
2.2.2 Effect of different extraction methods
2.2.3 As stability during extraction
2.3 Method validation
2.4 Arsenic speciation in coal and its by-products
2.4.1 As speciation in coal
2.4.2 As speciation in fly ash
2.4.3 As speciation in gypsum
2.5 As species transformation
3 Conclusions