5G通信技术应用于煤矿智能化开采中已成为目前各界的共识。为了给煤矿智能化开采应用提供更为有效的无线通信与信息处理支撑,调研了5G技术在煤矿智能化中的研究及网络建设现状,分析了其在煤矿应用时的理论研究、标准化、实验室研究及试点建设多个方面的进展情况;针对井下无线传播环境及业务需求,从无线频段选择、无线基站选型、组网方式以及核心网建设方式多个层面,研究了煤矿5G网络规划的方案,指出了“统一规划、安全经济、全面覆盖、精细设计”煤矿5G网络规划原则;总结了5G在煤矿中的可能应用新场景,研究并提出5G网络切片应在运营商增强移动宽带通信、低延迟高可靠通信和海量物联网通信三大应用场景的基础之上,进一步细化煤矿的应用场景,同时需协调业务匹配粒度、切片管理与网络资源之间的相互关系,以达到最佳网络资源使用度;研究了煤矿5G边缘计算技术,设计了面向具体煤矿智能化业务需求的云-边-端协同的边缘计算架构,并进行了计算卸载、边云协同等关键技术研究。上述分析与研究表明,商用5G在应用于煤矿智能化开采过程中,仍然需要针对具体应用业务和场景进行网络规划、网络切片,并且由于5G技术本身处于不断更新发展之中,因此在5G与煤矿智能化结合的过程中,需不断融入新技术,并在新技术的背景下仔细评估所采用的关键技术、网络设计与建设方案。

The application of 5G communication technology to the intelligent mining of coal mines has become the consensus of all walks of life. In order to provide more effective wireless communication and information processing support for the intelligent mining application of coal mines, the research and network construction status of 5G technology in theintelligentization of coal mines were investigated, and the progress of research and pilot construction in multiple aspects including theoretical research, standardization, and laboratory application of 5G technology in coal mines were analyzed. In view of both the wireless communication environment and service requirements, the coal mine 5G network planning scheme from the aspects of wireless frequency band selection, wireless base station selection, wireless networking and core network construction were studied, and it was pointed out some network planning principles such as “unified planning, safe economy, universal coverage and fine design” . Then, the possible new scenarios of 5G in coal mines were summarized, and it was proposed that 5G network slicing should coordinate the service matching granularity and further be refined based on the three basic scenarios of enhanced mobile broadband(eMBB), ultra reliable low latency communication(URLLC) and massive Machine Type Communication(mMTC), in order to achieve optimum use network resources, which further refined the application scenarios of coal mines, and at the same time, coordinated the relationship between business matching granularity, slice management and network resources to achieve the best network resource utilization; it also studied coal mine 5G edge computing technology, designed a cloud-edge-end collaborative edge computing architecture for specific coal mine intelligent business needs, and conducted research on key technologies such as computing offloading and edge-cloud collaboration. The above analysis and research show that when commercial 5G is applied to the intelligent mining process of coal mines, network planning and network slicing are still required for specific application services and scenarios. Because 5G technology itself is constantly being updated and developed, it is necessary to continuously integrate new technologies in the process of integrating 5G and coal mine intelligence, and carefully evaluate the key technologies adopted and network design and construction plans in the context of new technologies.