气化细渣是煤气化过程中产生的一种含碳量较高的固体废弃物，目前主要通过填埋方式处 理，不仅占用大量土地，污染土壤和水体，同时造成能源浪费，气化细渣中的残碳与灰组分分离是实 现其高值化、减量化、无害化利用的关键。 以榆林地区高含碳煤气化细渣为研究对象，在分析样品 基本特性基础上，采用浮选方法进行碳灰分离试验研究，当柴油用量 12 kg / t、仲辛醇用量 12 kg / t 时，精矿产品灰分为 35.74%，尾矿产品灰分为 57.07%，可燃体回收率 43.28%，药剂耗量大，分选指 标较差。 XPS 分析表明浮选入料中氧元素含量较高，疏水基团含量低，亲水基团含量高;诱导时间 随粒度级的减小而不断缩短，浮选过程中，粗颗粒物料不易与气泡黏附，且紊流条件下黏附后颗粒 又易脱附而成为尾矿产品，细颗粒物料易与气泡黏附，且黏附过程中易“ 抱团” 而夹杂大量细小灰 颗粒，导致煤气化细渣碳灰组分浮选分离效果较差。 低场核磁共振分析表明极性药剂与非极性药 剂均可被吸附到煤气化细渣孔隙中，微孔、过渡孔、中孔、大孔中均存在油酸钠和正十六烷，导致浮 选药剂消耗量大。

Gasification fine slag is a kind of solid waste with high carbon content produced in the process of coal gasifi⁃ cation.At present，it is mainly treated by landfill，which not only occupies a lot of land，pollutes soil and water，but al⁃ so causes energy waste.The separation of residual carbon and ash in gasification fine slag is the key to realize its high value，reduction and harmless utilization.Taking Yulin high carbon coal gasification fine slag as the research object， based on the analysis of the basic characteristics，the flotation method was used to carry out the carbon and ash separa⁃ tion test.When the diesel oil dosage was 12 kg / t and the secondary octanol dosage was 12 kg / t，the ash content of con⁃ centrate product was 35. 74%， the ash content of tailings product was 57. 07%， the combustible recovery was 43.28%，that the reagent consumption was large，with the poor separation index.The XPS analysis shows that the con⁃ tent of oxygen in flotation feed is high，the content of hydrophobic group is low，and the content of hydrophilic group is high.The induction time decreases with the decrease of particle size.In the flotation process，the coarse particles are not easy to adhere to the bubbles，and easy to drop out and become tailings products after adhesion under turbulent flow condition.The fine particles are easy to adhere to the bubbles，and a large number of fine ash particles are easily “agglomerated” in the adhesion process，resulting in a poor flotation separation effect of carbon and ash components in the coal gasification fine slag.Low field nuclear magnetic resonance analysis shows that both polar and nonpolar rea⁃ gents are easy to be adsorbed into the pores of coal gasification fine slag.There are sodium oleate and n⁃hexadecane in micropores，transition pores，mesopores and macropores，resulting in a large consumption of flotation reagents.