神东矿区位于陕西省北部和内蒙古鄂尔多斯市南部，气候干燥且降水稀少，水资源缺乏。矿区煤炭开采过程中产生的大量矿井水是重要的生产生活水源，然而神东矿区不同区域的矿井水氟化物浓度相差较大，部分区域浓度较高，为此笔者分析了高氟矿井水的分布特征及成因，对矿井水的资源化复用具有重要意义。基于神东矿区不同区域的58组矿井水水质分析结果，运用数理统计法，Piper三线图、Gibbs图，SI模拟等研究方法，同时通过对不同区域采集岩心和煤层顶板岩石进行XRF分析，探讨神东北部和中心矿区不同埋深矿井水中氟的时空分布特征及形成机制。研究结果表明：研究区矿井水中F⁻的质量浓度变化范围为0.3～13.7 mg/L，均值为4.3 mg/L，较高F⁻浓度的矿井水pH呈碱性。在水平方向上神东矿区呈现北部和西南部矿井水中F⁻浓度较高、东南部矿井水中F⁻浓度低的现象；垂直方向上呈现随开采深度的增加而增加的趋势，不同深度延安组含水层地下水所补给矿井水的F⁻浓度差异较大，深度80～130 m延安组含水层地下水补给矿井水中F⁻浓度较低，200～500 m延安组含水层地下水补给矿井水F⁻浓度相对较高。矿井水中F⁻浓度随季节的变化趋势不明显。延安组岩样含氟矿物XRF分析表明北部矿区和中心矿区西部含氟矿物含量相对中心矿区东部高。矿井水较高的F⁻浓度与水化学环境具有一定的关系，蒸发浓缩作用、阳离子交替吸附，水−岩相互作用导致的矿物溶解共同导致了地下水中F⁻的富集。

Shendong mining area is located in the north of Shaanxi Province and the south of Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, with dry climate, sparse precipitation and water resources scarcity. A large amount of mine water produced in the process of coal mining is an important source of production and living water. However, the concentrations of fluoride in mine water in different regions of Shendong mining areas present significant differences, while the concentration is relatively high in some areas. Therefore, the distribution characteristics and genesis of high fluoride mine water was analyzed in this study, which was of great significance for the resource reuse of mine water. Based on the analysis results of 58 groups of mine water quality at different regions in the Shendong mining area, research methods such as mathematical statistics, piper three-line diagram, gibbs diagram, SI simulation, etc. were used. Meanwhile, XRF analysis was conducted on rock cores and coal seam roof rocks collected from different areas to explore the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of fluorine in mine water at different burial depths in the northeastern and central mining areas. The results showed that the concentration of F- in mine water varied from 0.3 to 13.7 mg/L, with an average value of 4.3 mg/L. The pH value of mine water with higher F- concentration was alkaline. In the horizontal direction, the F- concentration in mine water was higher in the north and southwest of Shendong mining area, while it presented lower in the southeast. The fluorine concentration presented an increasing tendency with the enhancement of mining depth in the vertical direction. The F- concentration of mine water replenished by groundwater in different depths of Yan'an Formation aquifer varied greatly. The lower F- concentration was observed in the Yan'an Formation aquifer with a depth of 80-130 meters , whereas the relatively higher value was shown at the 200-500 meters depth. The trend of fluorine concentration in mine water is not obvious with the changes in the season The XRF analysis of fluorinated minerals in rock samples from the Yan'an Group indicated that the contents of fluorinated minerals in the northern and western central mining areas were relatively higher compared with that in the eastern central mining area. The high F- concentration in mine water had a certain relationship with the hydro-chemical environment. Evaporation and concentration process, cation alternately adsorption, and mineral dissolution caused by water-rock interaction led to the enrichment of F- in groundwater.