College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University
School of Civil Engineering,Liaoning TechnicalUniversity

矿区矸石山由于养分贫瘠、微生物活性低,复垦难度高。微生物修复技术目前已成为矿区生态复垦的研究热点。为明确哈茨木霉菌(TH)、胶质芽孢杆菌(BM)与丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)3种菌剂在不同粒径煤矸石(大粒径(5~10mm)、中粒径(2~5mm)、小粒径(0~2mm))中的复垦效果,设置单施、双菌混施、三菌混施及对照共8个处理,进行盆栽试验,测定紫花苜蓿生长指标、基质养分含量和基质微生物指标。结果表明,单施处理中,丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对不同粒径基质综合改良效果最佳,总体上能显著提升紫花苜蓿的生长指标和不同粒径基质养分含量,将紫花苜蓿生物量提高了17.39%~40.43%。菌剂混施处理对不同粒径基质综合改良效果均好于单施处理,其中TH和BM混施、TH和AMF混施对基质过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、有效磷、MBC的提升表现出了强烈的互补效果,BM和AMF对基质碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、MBC质量分数、磷酸酶、蛋白酶活性表现出了强化作用。各处理对小粒径基质的综合改良效果均优于大、中粒径基质,原因在于基质粒径越小,比表面积越大,越有利于微生物附着生长;同时,小粒径基质的孔隙较小,小孔隙保存水分的时间长于大孔隙。各处理中,TH+BM+AMF,AMF+TH,TH+BM分别为大、中、小粒径基质综合改良效果最佳的处理,分别将紫花苜蓿生物量提升了82.61%,86.69%,126.39%,对紫花苜蓿的根长、生物量和基质MBN质量含量均具有协同作用。综合来说,TH,BM,AMF菌剂混施技术可以作为矸石山一种良好的复垦技术,建议根据矸石山中煤矸石粒径大小选用相应的菌剂混施处理。

Due to poor nutrients and low microbial activity,the gangue stockpile in the mining area is difficult to be re⁃claimed. Microbial remediation technology has become a research hotspot of ecological reclamation in the mining area.In order to clarify the reclamation effect of Trichoderma harzianum( TH ),Bacillus mucilaginosus( BM ) and arbus⁃cular mycorrhizal fungi( AMF ) in coal gangue stockpile with different particle sizes,eight treatment schemes were setup,including three single bacteria treatments, three Mixed treatments of bimicrobial agents, one mixed treatmentof three bacteria and control treatment. The pot experiment was carried out to determine the growth index,matrix nutri⁃ent content and matrix microbial index of alfalfa. The results showed that in three single bacteria treatments, theAMF had the best comprehensive improvement effect on different particle size substrates. In general,the AMF couldsignificantly improve the growth index and nutrient content of alfalfa,and the biomass of alfalfa was increased by 17.39%-40.43%. The comprehensive improvement effect of mixed treatments of bacteria on different particle size sub⁃strates was better than that of single bacteria treatment. Among them, the mixed application of TH and BM andthe mixed application of TH and AMF showed a strong complementary effect on the improvement of matrix catalase,su⁃crase,available phosphorus and MBC. The BM and AMF showed a strengthening effect on the content of alkaline hy⁃drolysis nitrogen, availablephosphorus, availablepotassium, MBC, phosphataseandproteaseactivity.Thecomprehensive improvement effect of each treatment on small particle size matrix was better than that on large and me⁃dium particle size matrix. The reason was that the smaller the particle size of the substrate,the larger the specific sur⁃face area,the more conducive to the growth of microorganisms. At the same time,the pores of small particle size matrixwere small,and the time for small pores to preserve water was longer than that for large pores. Among all treatments,The TH+BM+AMF,AMF+TH and TH+BM were the best comprehensive improvement treatments in large,medium andsmall particle size substrates,respectively. The biomass of alfalfa was increased by 82.61%,86.69% and 126.39%,re⁃spectively. There was a synergistic effect on root length,biomass and matrix MBN content of alfalfa. In summary,theTH,BM and AMF mixed application technology can be used as a good reclamation technology in gangue stockpile. It issuggested that the corresponding mixed application of bacteria should be selected according to the particle sizeof coal gangue in gangue stockpile.

辽宁工程技术大学学科创新团队资助项目(LNTU20TD-21);辽宁省高等学校基本科研资助项目(LJKMZ20220680)

孔涛,张开,黄丽华,等. 菌剂混施对各粒径矸石性质及苜蓿生长的影响[ J].煤炭学报,2023,48( S1):241-251.

KONG Tao,ZHANG Kai,HUANG Lihua,et al. Effects of mixed application of microbial agents on growth andsubstrate properties of alfalfa in coal gangue matrix with different particle sizes[J]. Journal of China Coal Socie⁃ty,2023,48(S1):241-251