School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Zhejiang Tiandi Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.
Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Disposal and Recycling Technology of Solid Waste
State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion

当前我国能源需求量巨大,燃煤发电承担着主体作用。 粉煤灰是燃煤电厂的主要副产物,年产量 6 亿吨以上,综合利用率约为 80%。 未被利用的粉煤灰大多采取堆存的处理方式,不仅侵占土地,更带来了一系列环境问题。 推进粉煤灰的综合利用对减少环境污染,提高经济效益具有重要意义。 粉煤灰主要由未燃尽的碳粒、漂珠、磁珠、沉珠及尾灰组成,各组分间性质有所差异,整体资源化利用存在产品质量不高、应用范围较局限、难以实现高值化利用等问题。 基于此,本文提出粉煤灰不同组分分选后再利用模式,对粉煤灰各组分的分选方法进行了总结,依据各组分间性质的差异,对各组分在吸附剂功能材料、建筑材料、隔热材料等领域高值化利用的研究进展进行了综述,并对粉煤灰各组分实现高值化利用的应用前景进行了展望,以期为减少粉煤灰堆存量,提高粉煤灰的利用价值提供参考。

Currently,China has a huge demand for energy,and coal-fired power generation plays amajor role. Fly ash is the main by-product of coal-fired power plants,with an annual output of morethan 600 million tons and a comprehensive utilization rate of about 80%. Most of the unused fly ash isdisposed by stacking,which not only occupies land,but also brings a series of environmental problems.Promoting the comprehensive utilization of fly ash plays a significant role in preventing environmentalpollution and improving the economic benefits. Fly ash is mainly composed of unburned carbon,ceno⁃sphere,magnetic sphere,sinking bead and residue ash. The properties of each component in fly ash aredifferent,and the overall resource utilization has the problems including low product quality,limitedapplication range and difficulty in achieving high -value utilization. Therefore,this paper proposes areutilization mode of fly ash after sorting and separation of different components. The separation methodof each component in fly ash is summarized. The research progress of high-value utilization of eachcomponent in the fields of adsorbent functional materials,building materials and thermal insulation ma⁃terials is reviewed based on the differences in the properties of various components in fly ash.Moreover,the future application prospects of achieving high-value utilization of fly ash components areproposed. This review is expected to provide a reference for reducing the stock amount of fly ash andimproving the utilization value of fly ash.

国家重点研发计划项目课题(2018YFC1900105);浙江天地环保科技股份有限公司项目(TD-KJ-20-006-W002);湖北省创新群体项目(2020CFA042)

张志明, 桂联政, 廖达琛, 等. 燃煤电厂粉煤灰高值化利用研究进展[J]. 能源环境保护, 2023, 37(4):1-11.

ZHANG Zhiming, GUI Lianzheng, LIAO Dachen, et al. Advances in high-value utilization of fly ash from coal-fired power plants[J]. Energy Environmental Protection, 2023, 37(4): 1-11.