我国矿井水防治学科整体经历了20世纪的起步发展期和21世纪的成长成熟期2个大的发展历程，其基本架构及内涵已然成熟。按照系统论，拓展了矿井水广义内涵，规范了矿井水防治术语及科学范畴，提出了矿井水系统，即从水源补给到涌水排泄所涉及范围为边界且内部介质结构时变的高度复杂系统，水源输入和涌水输出齐备，采矿扰动激发而系统及时响应；构建了矿井水防治基本架构，即理论技术体系及技术管理体系等两大核心体系；理论技术体系涵盖理论基础、技术依托及工程支撑，致灾机理、条件评价、预测预报为理论基础，条件探查、预防治理、地质保障为技术依托，探水、防水、堵水、疏水、排水、截水、监水等七类为工程支撑；技术管理体系包括先进理念、总体思路和工作体系，按照“预测预报、有疑必探、先探后掘、先治后采”十六字总体思路，以源头预防区域治理井上下结合工程治理治保结合先进理念为引导，建设理念先进，基础扎实，勘探清楚，科技攻关，综合治理，效果评价及应急救援“七位一体”水害防治工作体系，实现减少矿井水影响、防止水害事故、减轻环境影响的总体目标。展望未来，水灾变物理机制，数据驱动的灾变规律，或者二者融合，是基础理论突破的重点方向，将带动技术及工程全面突围。

The discipline of mine water prevention and control in China as a whole has undergone two major development processes: the initial development period in the 20th century and the growth and maturity period in the 21st century, with its basic structure and connotation already mature. According to the system theory, the generalized connotation of mine water has been expanded, the terminology and scientific scope of mine water prevention and control have been standardized, and a mine water system has been proposed, that is, a highly complex system involving a boundary from water supply to water inflow discharge and time-varying internal media structure. The water input and water inflow output are complete, and the system responds in a timely manner when mining disturbances are triggered; The basic framework of mine water prevention and control has been constructed, including two core systems: theoretical and technical systems and technical management systems; The theoretical and technical system covers theoretical basis, technical support, and engineering support, with disaster mechanism, condition evaluation, and prediction as the theoretical basis, condition exploration, prevention and treatment, and geological support as the technical support, and seven types of projects such as water exploration, waterproofing, water blocking, drainage, drainage, water interception, and water regime monitoring as the measure support; The technical management system includes advanced concepts, overall ideas, and working systems. Guided by the overall idea of “predicting and forecasting, exploring if there is any doubt, exploring before excavating, and treating before mining”, and guided by the advanced concept of combining prevention at the source, regional governance, engineering governance, and protection, the construction concept is advanced, the foundation is solid, exploration is clear, scientific and technological breakthroughs are tackled, and comprehensive governance is conducted, The “seven in one” water disaster prevention and control work system for effect evaluation and emergency rescue achieves the overall goal of reducing the impact of mine water, preventing water disaster accidents, and mitigating environmental impact. Looking forward to the future, the physical mechanism of flood disasters, the law of data driven disasters, or the integration of the two are key directions for fundamental theoretical breakthroughs, which will drive comprehensive breakthroughs in technology and engineering.