Institute of Computational Mechanics, Liaoning Technical University
College of Mechanics and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University

在自主开发的适于模拟连续介质向非连续介质转化或非连续介质进一步演化的岩层运动并行计算系统(基于拉格朗日元与离散元耦合连续−非连续方法)中，引入了一种能反映轴向和剪切变形的锚杆单元，形成了锚杆模块。2个锚杆节点与之间的构件组成锚杆单元，其本质是在任一种覆盖(将1个四边形单元离散成2个三角形子单元，离散方式有2种，即2种覆盖)中，锚杆节点相对于子单元的位置保持不变。控制循环由CPU执行，密集的计算任务由GPU执行，锚杆模块与其他模块同时执行以获得较高的计算效率。考察了拉拔试验中不同位置锚杆单元轴力的演化规律。随着拉拔的进行，距离拉拔端一定距离内的锚杆单元轴力呈振荡上升趋势，从围岩对锚杆作用的角度对此进行了解释。通过将目前的锚杆轴力分布与基于Mindlin问题的位移解推导出的理论结果进行对比，验证了锚杆单元的正确性。为了研究锚杆单元对巷道的支护效果，以巨野矿区某轨道大巷为背景建立力学模型，得到了有无锚杆支护条件下巷道围岩的变形—开裂—运动过程。研究发现，锚杆单元对于阻碍巷道围岩变形、控制裂纹发展和改善应力分布具有良好的效果，这是由于锚杆长度范围内围岩围压增大导致了围岩承载力提高。目前的锚杆支护条件下的结果(巷道附近破坏区内岩石单元之间的明显裂纹使围岩发生了较大膨胀)比传统连续方法的结果更符合实际。

A kind of bolt element was introduced into the self-developed parallel computing system of strata motion (based on the combined Lagrangian-discrete element method) applicable for modeling the transformation from the continuum medium to the discontinuum medium or the further evolution of the discontinuum medium, reflecting axial and shear deformations, and formed a bolt module. A bolt element is composed of two bolt nodes and a component between them. The essence of the bolt element is that in each overlay the position of a bolt node relative to the sub-element remains unchanged. A quadrilateral element is divided into two pairs of triangular sub-elements in two ways. Each is called an overlay. The control loop of the system was executed serially on the CPU and the compute-intensive tasks were off-loaded to the GPU. The bolt module is executed in parallel with other modules to obtain a higher computational efficiency. Evolution of the axial force of the bolt element at different positions was investigated through the pull-out test. Results show that the axial forces of bolt elements within a certain distance away from the drawing end rise in an oscillation mode as the displacement increases in the drawing end, which is explained from the view of the action of the surrounding rock on the bolt. The present distribution of the axial force of the bolt was compared with the theoretical solution based on the Mindlin’s solution of the displacement to check the correctness. In order to investigate the supporting effects of bolt elements, a mechanical model was established by taking a track roadway in the Juye Mine as the background, the deformation-cracking-motion processes of surrounding rocks of the roadway with bolt supports and without were obtained. Results show that the bolt elements have a good effect in preventing the deformation of surrounding rocks of the roadway, controlling the developments of cracks, and improving stress distributions. It is due to the fact that the increase of the confining pressure of surrounding rocks within the lengths of bolts leads to the increase of the bearing capacity of surrounding rocks. The present results with bolt supports are more realistic than those of the traditional continuous method, which is due to the fact that obvious cracks between the rock elements in the failure zone near the roadway occur, causing a certain expansion of surrounding rocks.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52074142)

王学滨，岑子豪，陈双印，等. 基于岩层运动并行计算系统的锚杆单元原理、实现及巷道支护效果分析[J]. 煤炭学报，2023，48(8)：3020−3029.

WANG Xuebin，CEN Zihao，CHEN Shuangyin，et al. Principle, realization and analysis of roadway support effect of bolt element based on parallel computing system of strata motion[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2023，48(8)：3020−3029.