Zhejiang Finsung Technology Co., Ltd.

矿井通信是煤矿智能化发展不可或缺的一环。分析了煤矿井下无线通信不同发展阶段不同通信制式和技术的优缺点，得出目前5G、WiFi6在传输速率、时延、可靠性及用户容量方面具有较大技术优势及较好的适用性，是近阶段矿用无线通信技术的主流解决方案。探讨了井下无线通信系统建设面临的问题及对应的发展方向：(1)技术融合问题。不同场景对带宽、时延、功耗、可靠性有不同要求，单一的通信技术难以满足煤矿所有应用场景的需求，必须根据实际应用情况，选择适合的通信技术来满足应用需求，不同技术通过协议转换器、网关等设备实现融合，形成井上下多技术融合的一体化通信网络平台。(2)系统融合问题。由于各系统由不同厂家提供，通信协议及硬件接口不一致，难以真正实现矿井各系统数据共享，应提供标准接口、开放的网络架构、统一的用户数据，为监控、应急、生产等系统提供互联互通功能，并进一步提供统一数据报文，让数据在各系统内低延时、高并发、实时、同步地流通。(3)设备功耗问题。现有矿用5G基站等由于设备本身功耗大，只能做成功能单一的隔爆型产品，设备笨重、体积大，安装维护困难，制约了5G技术在矿井的普及推广，可从主芯片、射频模块、功率放大模块3个方面着手进行低功耗设计。

Mine communication is an indispensable part of the intelligent development of coal mines. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different communication systems and technologies in different development stages of wireless communication in underground coal mines. It is concluded that 5G and WiFi6 currently have significant technological advantages and good applicability in terms of transmission rate, delay, reliability, and user capacity. They are the mainstream solutions for mine wireless communication technology in recent years. This paper discusses the problems in underground wireless communication system construction and the corresponding development directions. ① Technological convergence issues. Different scenarios have different requirements for bandwidth, delay, power consumption and reliability. A single communication technology can not meet the requirements of all application scenarios in coal mines. It is necessary to select appropriate communication technology according to the actual application situation to meet the application requirements. Different technologies are integrated through protocol converters, gateways and other devices to form an integrated communication network platform for technological convergence above the ground and underground. ② System integration issues. Since each system is provided by different manufacturers, and the communication protocol and hardware interface are inconsistent, it is difficult to truly realize the data sharing of each system in the mine. It is necessary to provide standard interfaces, open network architecture, and unified user data to provide interconnection and inter-working functions for monitoring, emergency, production, and other systems. It is further required to provide unified data messages to enable data transmission with low delay, high concurrency, real-time, and synchronization within each system. ③ Device power consumption issues. The existing mine 5G base station and other equipment can only be made into a single flameproof product due to their high power consumption. The equipment is bulky, large, and difficult to install and maintain, which restricts the popularization of 5G technology in coal mine. Low-power design can be started from the main chip, RF module, and power amplifier module.

白雪峰,舒晓军.煤矿井下无线通信技术演进[J].工矿自动化,2023,49(07):14-18.DOI:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2023020012.

BAI Xuefeng, SHU Xiaojun. Wireless communication technology evolution in underground coal mines[J]. Journal of Mine Automation，2023，49(7)：14-18.