Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China,Xi’an University of Science and Technology
School of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of Science and Technology
State Key Laboratory for Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing

露天煤矿排土场植被恢复对生态系统功能提升具有重要意义,为研究不同有机生物改土措施下土壤理化性质及植物生长对恢复植物水分利用效率的影响,以黑岱沟露天煤矿排土场6种(对照、接菌、绿肥、接菌+绿肥、绿肥+风化煤、接菌+绿肥+风化煤)生物改土措施下紫穗槐为对象。研究结果表明,有接菌的处理促进了紫穗槐对土层中水分的利用效率,从而表现出较低的土壤含水率。接菌处理显著提高了土壤有机质和全氮质量分数,分别比对照分别高37.1%和11.0%。同时,接菌和接菌+绿肥处理平均土壤全氮质量分数相同,表明绿肥对土壤全氮质量分数几乎没有影响。接菌处理紫穗槐植株最高,分别比对照、绿肥、接菌+绿肥、绿肥+风化煤、接菌+绿肥+风化煤提高了5.7%、20.2%、19.4%、14.5%、13.7%。紫穗槐平均冠幅及全碳质量分数在不同处理间表现出相似的规律:接菌>对照>接菌+绿肥+风化煤>绿肥+风化煤>接菌+绿肥>绿肥。通过主成分分析发现各因素对紫穗槐水分利用效率解释度达到85.4%,主要受光合速率和气孔导度的影响,其次是土壤有机质和全氮质量分数。接菌处理紫穗槐平均水分利用效率为140.34μmol/mol,且显著高于其他处理。综上表明,接菌处理可以改善露天排土场水分环境,优化紫穗槐的水分利用特征。

The vegetation restoration in the open⁃pit coal mine waste dump is of great significance for the improvement of ecosystem functions.In order to study the effects of soil physicochemical properties and plant growth on plant water use efficiency under different ecological restoration measures,mmorpha fruticosa under six biological soil improve⁃ment measures(control,inoculation,green fertilizer,inoculation+green fertilizer,green fertilizer+weathered coal,inocu⁃lation+green fertilizer+weathered coal)were as the object in the waste dump of the Heidaigou.The results showed that the treatment with inoculation promoted the utilization efficiency of water in the soil layer of Robinia pseudoacacia,resulting in a lower soil moisture content.The inoculation treatment significantly increased the soil or⁃ganic matter and total nitrogen content,which were 37.1%and 11.0%higher than the control,respectively.Meanwhile,the average soil total nitrogen content was the same for both inoculation and inoculation+green ma⁃nure treatments,indicating that green manure had almost no effect on soil total nitrogen content.The Amorpha fruticosa plant treated with inoculation was the highest,which increased by 5.7%,20.2%,19.4%,14.5%and 13.7%compared to the control,green fertilizer,inoculation+green fertilizer,green fertilizer+weathered coal,and inoculation+green fertilizer+weathered coal,respectively.The average crown width and total carbon content of Amorpha fruticosa showed similar patterns among different treatments:inoculation>control>inoculation+green fertilizer+weathered coal>green fertilizer+weathered coal>inoculation+green fertilizer>green fertilizer.The explana⁃tory degree of various factors on the water use efficiency of Amorpha fruticosa reached 85.4%,based on principal com⁃ponent analysis,and tmainly influenced by photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance,followed by soil organic matter and total nitrogen.The average water use efficiency of purple locust treated with inoculation is 140.34 μmol/mol,significantly higher than other treatments.In summary,inoculation treatment can improve the water environment of open⁃air dumping sites,optimize the water use characteristics of Amorpha fruticosa.

国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFF1303303);黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究资助项目(2022-YRUC-01-0304)

毕银丽,柯增鸣,高学江.西部露天排土场有机生物改土对紫穗槐水分利用效率影响[J].绿色矿山,2023,1(1):119-127.

BI Yinli,KE Zengming,GAO Xuejiang.Effect of organic biological modification on water use efficiency of Amor⁃pha fruticosa in the western open waste dump[J].Journal of Green Mine,2023,1(1):119-127.