School of Mechatronic Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology

将电磁波应用于煤岩识别中，可有效提高煤岩界面分辨能力。结合煤岩界面模型，阐述了运用电磁波技术进行煤岩识别的原理；介绍了γ射线法、雷达探测法、太赫兹信号法、电子共振法、X射线法和红外热成像法6种具体的煤岩识别方法，分析了各方法的原理，对各方法的优缺点及煤矿井下适用性进行了对比，并结合实际工业应用分析了各方法的研究现状。γ射线法在探测距离上具有显著优势，但存在放射性问题，基本被淘汰；雷达探测法具有识别准确的优点，但由于其信号衰减严重，探测距离短，目前一般应用于薄煤层测厚；太赫兹信号法探测距离短，只有在井下环境组成稳定时才能应用；电子共振法信号衰减严重，探测距离较短且难度较大，所以目前矿井基本摒弃；X射线法穿透性强，成像较清晰，但危害性极大；红外热成像法中，主动红外激励法需耗费大量时间对煤岩进行激励，且在处于高瓦斯的矿井环境中，存在极大的安全隐患；截割闪温法虽耗时较短，但对于截齿多、排布复杂的情况很难实现有效的煤岩识别。指出电磁波回波信息决定着电磁波煤岩识别的准确性，后续应对其进行深层次挖掘。

Applying electromagnetic waves to coal rock recognition can effectively improve the resolution capability of coal rock interfaces. Based on the coal rock interface model, the principle of using electromagnetic wave technology for coal rock recognition is explained. The paper introduces six methods for coal rock recognition, including γ–ray method, radar detection method, Terahertz signal method, electron resonance method, X-ray method, and infrared thermal imaging method. The principles of each method are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared as well as their applicability in coal mines underground. The research status of each method is analyzed in combination with practical industrial applications. The γ–ray method has significant advantages in detection distance, but it has radiation problems. It is basically eliminated. The radar detection method has the advantage of accurate recognition, but due to its severe signal attenuation and short detection distance, it is currently generally used for thickness measurement in thin coal seams. The Terahertz signal method has a short detection distance and can only be applied when the composition of the underground environment is stable. The electronic resonance method has severe signal attenuation, short detection distance, and high difficulty. It is currently basically abandoned in mines. The X-ray method has strong penetration and clear imaging, but it poses great harm. In the infrared thermal imaging method, the active infrared excitation method requires a lot of time to excite coal and rock, and there are significant safety hazards in high gas mine environments. Although the cutting flash temperature method takes a short time, it is difficult to achieve effective coal rock recognition for situations with multiple cutting teeth and complex layout. It is pointed out that the accuracy of electromagnetic wave coal rock recognition is determined by the echo information of electromagnetic waves, and further in-depth exploration should be carried out.

国家自然科学基金面上项目（52014277）；江苏省自然科学基金面上项目（BK20211245）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目（苏政办发〔2018〕87号）。

柳圆，司垒，王忠宾，等. 基于电磁波的煤岩识别技术研究进展[J]. 工矿自动化，2024，50（1）：42-48, 65.

LIU Yuan, SI Lei, WANG Zhongbin, et al. Research progress on coal rock recognition technology based on electromagnetic waves[J]. Journal of Mine Automation，2024，50（1）：42-48, 65.