随着煤炭资源开采区域不断向西部以及深部转移，西部地区冲击地压矿井数量呈井喷式增长。陕西省作为煤炭大省，煤炭开发供应规模稳居全国前列，但冲击地压灾害尤为突出，为了有效遏制本地区煤矿冲击地压频繁发生势头，并为类似条件矿区冲击地压防治提供借鉴，通过分析陕西煤矿10年来的24座矿井、85起冲击地压案例，基本厘清了冲击地压发生规律，并开展了基于主控因素的分类防治研究。研究结果表明：陕西省煤矿冲击地压具有灾害矿井集中、灾害程度严重、多灾害叠加影响显著、防治难度大等特点；冲击地压监测技术、防治技术与地方法规建设历程几乎同步，达到了起步晚，起点高，示范效应强的结果；基于冲击地压主控因素，将陕西省冲击地压划分为3大类，分别为：坚硬顶板主导型、地质构造主导型和宽煤柱主导型，并针对主控因素提出弱化坚硬顶板、转移煤柱高集中应力、释放构造应力的防治方法。通过10年来的工程实践，不断优化矿井开采设计，探索煤层厚硬顶板千米顺层钻孔区域压裂新技术，加大防冲卸压技术的落实，冲击地压显现逐年减少，成果显著。

With coal resource extraction areas are constantly shifting towards the west and deeper regions, and the number of rock burst mines in the western region is increasing rapidly. As a major coal province, Shaanxi Province has a stable scale of coal development and supply, ranking among the top in the country. However, rock burst disasters are particularly prominent. In order to effectively curb the frequent occurrence of rock burst in local coal mines and provide reference for rock burst prevention and control in areas with similar conditions, the occurrence law of rock burst has been basically clarified by analyzing 24 mines and 85 rock burst cases in Shaanxi coal mines over the past 10 years, and conducted classified prevention and control research based on the main control factors. The research results indicate that coal mine rock burst in Shaanxi Province has the characteristics of concentrated disaster mines, severe disaster severity, significant overlapping effects of multiple disasters, and high difficulty in prevention and control; The monitoring technology and prevention technology of rock burst are almost synchronized with the construction process of local regulations, achieving a late start, high starting point, and demonstration effect;Based on the main controlling factors of rock burst, rock burst in Shaanxi Province is divided into three categories: hard roof dominant type, wide coal pillar dominant type, and geological structure dominant type. In response to the main controlling factors, prevention and control methods for weakening hard roof, transferring high concentrated stress of coal pillar, and releasing structural stress are proposed.Through 10 years of engineering practice, continuous optimization of mine mining design, exploration of new fracturing technologies for drilling areas along the thick and hard roof of coal seams, and increased implementation of anti burst and pressure relief technologies, the occurrence of rock burst has been decreasing year by year, with significant achievements.