针对深部冲击地压矿井智能化工作面防冲开采面临的技术难题，围绕冲击地压煤层安全、高效、智能化开采的目标，将新一代信息技术运用到矿井生产活动和防冲管理中，首次提出了智能化防冲控采的技术思想，其科学内涵与技术途径为：首先，通过数据传输平台快速采集区域煤岩冲击危险信息及全工作面设备、工况环境、人员定位等实时信息，建立冲击地压与智能开采的多源信息数据库；其次，采用具有高吞吐量、低延时特性的分布式数据采集系统，实现对多源异构数据的清洗、存储、聚类、融合，将冲击地压监测预警的危险信息与智能化开采进行动态耦合，搭建冲击地压智能防冲大数据平台；最后，在冲击地压多源信息精准识别与数据融合的基础上，开发互联互通、分析决策、动态预测、协同控制的智能开采响应控制系统，在此基础上建立采煤机自调整、支架自适应、防冲风险自感知与自预警相叠加的智能化防冲控采模型，使开采强度与冲击风险相匹配，最终形成无人干预的自决策、自控制、自优化的防冲、减冲、无冲的智能防冲控采新模式。该技术通过将冲击危险预测、防治与智能化开采系统有机结合，形成智能响应闭环，可以保障冲击地压预警信息的高效反馈，实现采掘、运输、安全保障等过程的智能化运行。

In view of the technical problems faced by the intelligent working face of deep rockburst mine,focusing on the goal of safe,efficient and intelligent mining of rockburst coal seam,the new generation of information technology is applied to mine production activities and rockburst prevention management,and the technical idea of intelligent rockburst prevention and control mining is put forward for the first time. Its scientific connotation and technical approaches are as follows:first,through the data transmission platform,quickly collect the regional coal rockburst risk information and real-time information such as equipment,working condition environment and personnel positioning of the whole working face,and establish a multi-source information database of rockburst and intelligent mining;Secondly,the distributed data acquisition system with high throughput and low delay is adopted to realize the cleaning,storage,clustering and fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data,dynamically couple the risk information of rockburst monitoring and early warning with intelligent mining,and build an intelligent big data platform for rockburst prevention;Finally,on the basis of accurate identification and data fusion of multi-source rockburst information,an intelligent mining response control system with interconnection,analysis and decision-making,dynamic prediction and collaborative control is developed. On this basis,an intelligent rockburst prevention and mining control model with the su perposition of shearer self adjustment,support self adaptation,rockburst prevention risk self sensing and self early warning is established,match the mining intensity with the impact risk,and finally form a new intelligent impact prevention and control mining mode of non intervention,self decision-making,self-control and self optimization. This technology organically combines the impact risk prediction,prevention and control with the intelligent mining system to form an intelligent response closed loop,which can ensure the efficient feedback of rockburst early warning information and realize the intelligent operation of mining,transportation,safety guarantee and other processes.

0 引言

1 智能防冲开采的技术现状

   1.1 冲击地压防治技术现状与趋势

   1.2 智能化开采技术现状与趋势

2 智能防冲开采的科学构想

3 煤矿智能防冲开采的实现途径

   3.1 总体思路

   3.2 信息快速采集技术

   3.3 风险智能感知与大数据融合分析预警技术

   3.4 智能开采控制技术

4 思考与展望