China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.
National Coal Quality Inspection and Testing Center

能力验证是重要的实验室外部质量控制手段,有助于识别实验室技术问题并制定措施以保障检测质量,从而提高煤炭检测实验室的技术及管理水平。结合煤炭检测实验室根据认可范围按CANS相关规定参加能力验证活动的情况,从参加频次、能力验证计划选择、实验室管理与质量控制等方面介绍能力验证计划制定,并从样品接收、样品检测阐述能力验证计划实施,再结合满意结果、可疑或不满意结果原因以探究能力验证结果利用效果。从人员、仪器设备、样品预处理、检测项目相关性等方面对常见可疑或不满意结果的原因进行分析,并重点剖析仪器设备的工作状态、仪器标定、仪器线性工作范围、样品预处理及与检测项目的相关性。造成能力验证结果可疑或不满意的原因主要包括检测人员技术水平、仪器工作状态、标定有效性、仪器线性工作范围、样品预处理及检测项目相关性,实验室应根据自身管理、质量控制等情况按照规定的频次参加能力验证活动并合理利用能力验证结果,不仅关注结果是否满意且需从能力验证报告中获取尽可能多的有用信息,正确处理可疑结果和不满意结果。实验室可将能力验证满意结果应用于自身质量控制中,而对于可疑或不满意结果则需判定结果是否满足标准或规定的要求,若满足要求则进行风险评估,不满足要求则暂停CNAS认可标识并按时完成纠正措施以验证其有效性。

Ability verification is an important means of external quality control of the laboratory, which helps to iden⁃tify the laboratory technical problems and formulate measures to ensure the testing quality, so as to improve the tech⁃nology and management level of the coal testing laboratory. Combined with the coal testing laboratory according to thescope of CANS ability verification activities, from the frequency, ability verification plan selection, laboratory man⁃agement and quality control, the development of capability verification plan was introduced, and from the sample re⁃ceiving and sample testing, the implementation of capability verification plan was demonstrated, then combined withsatisfactory results, suspicious or unsatisfactory results, the utilization effect of ability verification results was ex⁃plored. From personnel, instruments and equipment, sample pretreatment, relevance of testing items and so on,the reasons for common suspicious or unsatisfactory results were analyzed. The working status of instrument equip⁃ment, instrument calibration, linear working range of the instrument, sample pretreatment, and correlation of thetesting itemswas focused. The main reasons for the suspicious or unsatisfactory results of the capability verification in⁃clude the technical level of the testing personnel, the working status of the instrument, the effectiveness of calibra⁃tion, the linear working range of the instrument, sample preprocessing, and the relevance of the testing items, labo⁃ratories should participate in capability verification activities at the prescribed frequency based on their own manage⁃ment, quality control, and other factors, and make reasonable use of the results of capability verification. Weshould not only focus on whether the results are satisfactory, but also need to obtain as much useful information aspossible from the capability verification report, we should also properly handle suspicious and unsatisfactory results.The laboratory can apply satisfactory results of capability verification to its own quality control, while for suspicious orunsatisfactory results, it is necessary to determine whether the results can meet the requirements of standards or regu⁃lations. If the requirements are met, a risk assessment will be conducted. If the requirements are not met, the CNASaccreditation mark will be suspended and corrective measures will be completed on time to verify their effectiveness.

煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司技术创新Ⅰ类基金资助项目(2023CX-Ⅰ-14)

富坤, 傅皓. 煤炭检测实验室能力验证实施与结果利用探讨 [J]. 煤质技术, 2024, 39 (1): 85-90.

FU Kun, FU Hao. Discussion on the implementation of capability verification and result evaluation in coal testinglaboratory [J]. Coal Quality Technology, 2024, 39 (1): 85-90.