University of Nottingham Ningbo China
New Materials Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China
Ningbo Nottingham New Materials Institute Co., Ltd.

2022年全球CO2排放量约为360.7亿t,仅2.3亿tCO2被捕获并利用,占比仅为0.64%。为了实现2060年的碳中和目标,CO2排放量需降至50亿t,CO2利用总量需达到12亿t,其利用占比将增至24%,提高CO2利用水平迫在眉睫。碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术已经成为减少CO2排放、应对全球气候问题最具潜力的技术选择之一,通过不同的技术路径将捕集的CO2转化为具有高附加值的工业产品一直是学术界和工程界的研究重点和热点,但不同的转化技术对于CO2减排的潜在贡献仍存在不确定性。对近年来CO2转化技术的发展现状进行了系统的综述,聚焦于3种具有代表性的CO2转化路径和产品,并结合工业应用案例,对不同技术路径和不同产品的环境影响和技术经济性进行了比较分析。CO2的碳酸化、利用CO2生产聚合物产品等路径具有较高的碳负排放潜力,对于减少总体CO2排放具有重要意义。

In 2022, global CO2 emissions reached 36.07 Gt, but only 230 Mt of CO2 were captured andutilized, accounting for just 0.64% of the total emissions. To achieve the ambitious goal of carbon neu-trality by 2060, CO2 emissions must be reduced to 5 Gt, with CO2 utilization reaching a total of 1.2 Gt,representing a utilization rate of 24%. This highlights the urgent need to enhance CO2 utilization.Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is considered one of the most promisingsolutions for mitigating CO2 emissions in addressing the urgent global challenges posed by climatechange. The transformation of captured CO2 into value-added industrial products (CCU) through vari-ous chemical, biological, and electrochemical processes has been a core focus of both academic and in-dustrial research. Despite the focus on CCU, the precise contribution of various conversion technologiesto reducing CO2 emissions remains unclear. To address this issue, this paper systematically reviews thedevelopmental landscape of CO2 conversion technologies over recent decades, with a particular focus onthree representative CO2 conversion pathways and their resulting products. Through a comprehensive a-nalysis, the paper conducts a comparative assessment of the environmental impacts and technical eco-nomics associated with distinct technology pathways and products. The discussion further explores thepotential applications of these conversion technologies and their capacity to achieve negative carbon e-missions. Crucially, the research highlights the substantial potential for achieving negative carbon emis-sions, thereby playing a pivotal role in the overall reduction of CO2 emissions. In conclusion, this papernot only provides insights into the current state of CO2 conversion technologies but also emphasizes thecrucial role of carbonation and polymerization products in achieving significant reductions in carbon e-missions.

宁波市科技计划资助项目(2022R015);浙江省“尖兵”研发攻关计划资助项目(2022C03030)

杨刚,汪晨曦,罗春林,等.CO2转化技术的环境和经济效益评价及未来发展趋势[J].能源环境保护,2024,38(3):13-22.

YANG Gang, WANG Chenxi, LUO Chunlin, et al. Evaluation of environmental and economic benefits of CO2 uti-lization technologies and their future development trends[J]. Energy Environmental Protection, 2024, 38(3): 13-22.