针对山西阳泉矿区碎软煤层瓦斯精准、超前、区域治理需求，提出采用气动定向钻进煤层预抽钻孔的技术方案。

在分析气动定向钻进成孔技术难题的基础上，开发了适用于阳泉矿区碎软煤层赋存条件的气动螺杆钻具稳定运转技术、钻孔轨迹精确控制技术、深孔高效排渣技术、气动套铣打捞技术，优化了气动定向钻进装备配套方案，并在阳泉矿区碎软煤层中开展了现场工业性试验。

结果表明：(1)通过优化气动螺杆钻具结构和工艺流程、设计低风阻管路，有效解决了气动螺杆钻具的异常制动，实现了稳定高效运转。(2)通过优化钻孔设计轨迹和工艺参数、设计大角度造斜钻具组合和研制气动冲击螺杆钻具，保障了钻孔轨迹的精确调控，提高了煤层钻遇率。(3)通过复合强排渣技术和短起钻冲孔工艺的应用，有效提升了钻孔排渣效率。(4)通过采用气动套铣打捞技术，配套设计的专用可退式打捞筒，满足阳泉区矿区碎软煤层孔内复杂事故处理需要，并成功处理2起严重卡钻事故。(5)在阳泉矿区某矿施工完成孔径120 mm的10个定向钻孔，成孔深度均达到450 m以上，最大钻孔深度达到607 m，最大单班进尺76 m。碎软煤层定向孔取得了显著的瓦斯抽采效果，单孔日均抽采瓦斯纯量最大达971.96 m³，实现了阳泉矿区碎软煤层瓦斯长时间稳定抽采。研究成果为阳泉矿区碎软煤层瓦斯高效治理提供了新的技术途径，具有显著的应用和推广价值。

In response to the need for precise, proactive, and regional management of gas in the broken-soft coal seam of the Yangquan Mining Area, a technical scheme utilizing pneumatic directional drilling for pre-drainage boreholes was proposed.

Based on the analysis of the technical challenges in pneumatic directional drilling, a series of technologies suitable for the broken-soft coal seam in the Yangquan Mining Area were developed. These include stable operation technology for pneumatic downhole motors, precise control technology for drilling boreholes, efficient deep-hole slag discharge technology, and pneumatic milling and salvage technology. The pneumatic directional drilling equipment was optimized, and field industrial trials were conducted in the broken-soft coal seam of the Yangquan Mining Area.

The results indicate:(1) Through the optimization of the structure and technological process of the pneumatic downhole motor, as well as the design of low wind resistance pipelines, abnormal braking of the pneumatic downhole motor was effectively resolved, achieving stable and efficient operation. (2) The optimization of borehole trajectory and technological parameters, the design of large-angle deflecting drilling tool combinations, and the development of pneumatic impact downhole motors ensured precise control of the borehole trajectory and improved the penetration rate of the coal seam. (3) The application of forced slag discharge with slide and rotary drilling and short-lifting drilling tools significantly enhanced slag discharge efficiency. (4) By adopting pneumatic milling and salvage technology, along with the specially designed retractable overshot, the complex downhole accident handling requirements in the broken-soft coal seam of the Yangquan Mining Area were met, successfully resolving two severe sticking incidents. (5) In a certain mine in the Yangquan Mining Area, ten directional boreholes with a diameter of 120 mm were completed, each reaching depths of over 450 m, with the maximum borehole depth being 607 m and the maximum single-shift footage being 76 m. The directional boreholes in the broken-soft coal seam achieved significant gas drainage results, with the maximum pure gas drainage from a single borehole reaching 971.96 m³, thereby enabling long-term stable gas drainage in the broken-soft coal seam of the Yangquan Mining Area. The research results provide a novel technical approach for the efficient management of gas in the broken-soft coal seam of the Yangquan Mining Area, demonstrating significant potential for practical application and widespread adoption.