边坡监测是保障露天矿人员设备安全的最后一道防线，完善的边坡监测预警体系和准确的预警阈值是实现监测效果的重要途径，然而，现有的监测系统存在独立运行、无法互补，预警阈值设定缺少依据等问题，这正是我国露天矿边坡监测亟待解决的重要科学问题。以重力式滑坡为研究对象，根据累计位移量–时间曲线特征，将其分为渐变型、突发型和稳定型3类；根据滑面的形状将其分为圆弧滑动和平面滑动2类。对比分析了边坡雷达和GNSS监测的优劣性，并基于刚体运动模型建立了边坡雷达监测单元的位移量和变形速率的误差解算模型，进而结合2种监测方法的优势提出了针对露天矿的“边坡安全评价–边坡雷达覆盖式监测–GNSS精准预警”边坡监测预警体系。根据切线角预警判据，提出了基于关键切线角正切值倍数法确定边坡变形速率4级预警阈值，进一步根据同类滑坡加速阶段T值等分法确定关键切线角。对未发生过滑坡的露天矿边坡，给出了2种关键切线角和预警阈值确定思路。对2个露天矿边坡滑坡案例进行研究，确定了匀速阶段和关键切线角，给出了4级预警阈值，将阈值应用于边坡变形预警，结果表明：露天矿号1的阈值可及时准确的判定东帮变形所处的预警等级，并在第1次Ⅰ级预警信息发出后预留6 h的应急撤离时间；露天矿号2的关键切线角可应用于确定不同阶段的阈值，但平均速率需要结合具体监测阶段的S-t曲线精准确定。变形监测体系和预警阈值确定方法为露天矿边坡监测的可靠性提供有力支撑。

Slope monitoring is the last line of defense to ensure the safety of worker and equipment in open-pit mines. A sound slope monitoring and warning system and accurate warning thresholds are important ways to achieve monitoring results. However, existing monitoring systems have problems such as independent operation, lack of complementarity, and lack of basis for setting warning thresholds. This is an important scientific problem that urgently needs to be solved in open-pit mine slope monitoring in China. Taking gravity landslides as the research object, based on the characteristics of the cumulative displacement time curve, they are classified into three types: gradual, sudden, and stable; According to the shape of the sliding surface, it can be divided into two categories: circular sliding and planar sliding. We compared and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of slope radar and GNSS monitoring, and established an error calculation model for the displacement and deformation rate of slope radar monitoring units based on a rigid body motion model. Then, combining the advantages of the two monitoring methods, we proposed a slope safety evaluation slope radar coverage monitoring GNSS accurate warning system for open-pit mines. Based on the tangent angle warning criterion, a four level warning threshold for slope deformation rate was proposed using the critical tangent angle tangent value multiple method. Furthermore, the critical tangent angle was determined using the T-value equal division method during the acceleration stage of similar landslides. Two key tangent angles and warning threshold determination methods are proposed for open-pit mine slopes that have not experienced landslides. A study was conducted on two open-pit mine slope landslide cases, determining the uniform velocity stage and critical tangent angle, and providing a four level warning threshold. The threshold was applied to slope deformation warning, and the results showed that the threshold of open-pit mine No.1 can timely and accurately determine the warning level of the eastern slope deformation, and reserve 6 hours of emergency evacuation time after the first level I warning information is issued; The key tangent angle of open-pit mine No.2 can be applied to determine thresholds for different stages, but the average rate needs to be accurately determined in conjunction with the S-t curve of specific monitoring stages. The deformation monitoring system and warning threshold determination method provide strong support for the reliability of open-pit mine slope monitoring.