煤矿巷道围岩控制方法主要分为支护加固法和卸压法，卸压法是高应力、强采动巷道围岩控 制的有效手段。 目前，我国煤矿已形成包括巷道布置法、巷道围岩近场卸压法及远场卸压法在内的巷 道围岩卸压技术体系。 介绍了巷道卸压法分类及卸压机理、影响因素和适用条件。 巷道布置法的实 质是将巷道布置在采空区下方、上方、边缘及采空区内等应力降低区，是首选的、有效的卸压法。 巷道 围岩近场卸压主要包括切缝、钻孔、爆破及掘卸压巷等方法，卸压机理是在浅部围岩形成一定的变形 空间，减小围岩向巷道空间的位移，并将浅部围岩高应力转移到深部。 巷道围岩远场卸压法主要有深 孔爆破、水力压裂法，通过切断或弱化巷道上方的顶板，减小回采工作面采动对巷道稳定性的影响。 近年来，水力压裂技术得到广泛应用，成为回采工作面坚硬顶板弱化、强采动巷道围岩卸压的有效措 施。 在实例分析中，介绍了区域水力压裂和局部水力压裂卸压技术的应用情况，包括地质与生产条 件、压裂设计及卸压效果。 最后，分析了巷道卸压法存在的问题，对今后的技术发展进行了展望。

Rock control methods around coal mine roadways can be divided into support and reinforcement methods and destressing methods,and the destressing is an effective way for rock control around the roadways with high in-situ stress and intensive mining induced stress. At present,the destressing technical system for rocks around roadways has been formed,which includes roadway layout,rock destressing in near field and in far field. The classification,mechanism,affecting factors and applicable conditions of various roadway destressing methods are introduced in this paper. The essence of roadway layout is to arrange the roadways in stress decreasing areas,such as under or over gob,along the edge of gob,or in gob,which is the first choice and effective destressing method. The rock destressing around roadways in near field mainly contains slotting,drilling,blasting and driving destressing roadways,and its destressing mechanism is to form some deformation space in shallow rock surrounding roadways,reduce rock displacement toward roadways,and transfer the high stress in shallow rock to deep rock. The rock destressing in far field mainly includes blasting with deep boreholes and hydraulic fracturing,which reduces the coal mining activity affect to roadway stability by means of cutting or worsening roof layers above roadways. In recent years,hydraulic fracturing has been widely applied,and become an effective approach for hard rock worsening above coal face and rock destressing around roadways subjected to intensive mining induced stress. In case study,the applications of regional and local hydraulic fracturing technology are introduced,including geological and production conditions,hydraulic fracturing design and destressing effects. Finally,the existing issues associated with roadway destressing methods are analyzed,the technical development prospects in future are put forward.