水力压裂技术在煤矿围岩控制中,主要用于坚硬顶板弱化和高应力巷道围岩卸压。在分析现有水力压裂理论的基础上,介绍国内采用真三轴水力压裂试验系统获得的有关水力裂缝扩展规律的研究成果;重点论述煤矿井下水力压裂技术取得的最新进展,包括常规压裂与定向压裂方法,压裂机具设备与工艺,及压裂效果检测仪器与方法。介绍水力压裂在回采工作面坚硬顶板弱化,及受多次采动影响的高应力巷道卸压中的应用实例,分析和评价压裂效果。最后,根据煤矿井下煤岩体特点,提出水力压裂技术的发展方向与建议。

Hydraulic fracturing technology applications in strata contral in underground coal mine are mainly in hard roof weakening and stress relief in rocks surro unding roadways with high stresses. Based on the analysis of current hydraulic fracturing theories,the achievements of hydraulic fracture propagation obtained by real tr iaxial hydraulic fracturing test system were introduced.The latest developments of hydraulic fracturing in underground coal mines,involved in conventional and direction al fracturing methods,fracturing equipment and technologies,monitoring instruments and methods for fracturing effect,were presented emphatically.The hydraulic fracturi ng case studies of hard roof weakening in working faces,and stress relief in gateroads affected by multiple mining dynamic pressure were introduced,and the fracturing effects were evaluated.Finally,the suggestions and development direction for hydraulic fracturing were put forward based on the characteristics of surrounding rock in u nderground coal mines.