声发射信号已广泛应用于冲击地压、煤与瓦斯突出及顶板大面积来压等动力灾害预测预报、地应力测试、岩体稳定性评价等领域。借鉴声发射技术成熟的监测原理和有效的测试手段，也可快速检测煤岩体中温度等特征参数，并有望应用于矿井煤自燃灾害精准探测领域。通过文献调研，分析、归纳和阐述了声发射信号在非均介质、多孔介质以及煤岩体内传播时的畸变特征和传播衰减影响规律的研究进展及其应用，其主要是通过数值模拟、数学建模、特征变量控制试验，并结合声波传播理论进而研究非均介质、多孔介质及煤岩体内声发射信号传播特性和响应参数，并将研究结果应用于损伤检测、仓储粮食温度监测、矿山动力灾害预测预报等领域。重点梳理了声发射信号在不同煤岩体内的传播特性及影响因素，主要包括：不同瓦斯含量、含水率和压力载荷下的煤岩体。研究并总结了声发射信号的处理与分析方法，受制于矿井下煤自燃隐患发生时会加热煤岩体及周围环境空气，产生“燃烧音”的同时也会伴有一定的环境噪音，为推进声发射信号处理与分析技术进一步完善和系统化，将声发射信号特征参数处理分析与小波分析、声波滤除算法等理论有机结合，提出了构建声发射信号特征参数分析与提取算法技术思路来处理声信号。声发射信号在煤岩体内传播过程中，受煤岩体物理性质、煤种、瓦斯含量、含水率等多因素影响，尤其是在松散煤体内传播过程中，还会受到煤自燃形成的非均匀温度场、煤体块度、煤自燃气体组分浓度、松散煤体空隙特征等因素影响。结合声学和煤自燃理论，展望了声发射信号在煤体温度监测和煤自燃灾害预警领域的应用前景，其途径包括针对煤岩体内声发射信号的传播衰减特征开展试验模拟与数值仿真，以及理论分析与建模，以进行温度反演与非均温度场重建，为解决采空区等隐蔽空间火源精准探测难题提供新的思路。

Acoustic emission signals have been widely used in the prediction of dynamic disasters such as rock burst, coal and gas outburst and large area roof pressure, in situ stress testing, rock stability evaluation and other fields. By referring to the mature monitoring principles and effective testing methods of acoustic emission technology, it can also quickly detect the temperature and other characteristic parameters in coal and rock mass, and is expected to be applied in the field of accurate detection of mine coal spontaneous combustion disaster. Through literature investigation, the research progress and application of acoustic emission signal in heterogeneous media, porous media and coal and rock mass are analyzed, summarized and elaborated. Through numerical simulation, mathematical modeling, to carry out the relevant characteristic variables control test and combining with reliable acoustic wave propagation theory in the research of the inhomogeneous medium, within porous medium and the coal and rock acoustic emission signal propagation characteristics and response parameters, and the results of study are applied to the damage detection, storage of grain temperature monitoring, mine dynamic disaster forecasting and other fields. The propagation characteristics and influencing factors of acoustic emission signals in different coal and rock masses are mainly analyzed, including coal and rock masses under different gas content, water content and pressure load. The processing and analysis method of acoustic emission signal is studied and summarized, because the hidden danger of coal spontaneous combustion in the mine will heat the coal and rock mass and the surrounding air to produce “burning sound”, and it will also be accompanied by certain environmental noise, to promote the acoustic emission signal processing and analysis technology to further perfect and systematic, the processing and analysis of AE signal characteristic parameters are organically combined with wavelet analysis and acoustic filtering algorithm, the technical idea of constructing acoustic emission signal characteristic parameter analysis and extraction algorithm is proposed to process acoustic signals. During the transmission process of acoustic emission signal in coal and rock mass, it is affected by many factors, such as physical properties of coal and rock mass, coal type, gas content, water content, etc., especially in the transmission process of loose coal mass, it is also affected by factors such as non-uniform temperature field formed by coal spontaneous combustion, coal block size, gas component concentration of coal spontaneous combustion, and porosity characteristics of loose coal mass. Combined with the theory of acoustics and coal spontaneous combustion, the application prospect of acoustic emission signal in monitoring coal temperature and warning coal spontaneous combustion disaster is prospected, experimental simulation and numerical simulation, as well as theoretical analysis and modeling, can be carried out according to the propagation and attenuation characteristics of acoustic emission signals in coal and rock for temperature inversion and reconstruction of uneven temperature field, which provides a new idea for solving the problem of accurate detection of fire sources in hidden space such as goaf.

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