制备工艺是决定水煤浆浆体性能的重要因素，影响其储运和使用。综述了近年来水煤浆制备工艺的最新研究进展，包括不同种类水煤浆的制备工艺及制备环节中药剂制度、粒度级配方式的使用，按制浆原料的不同将水煤浆分为传统水煤浆和环保水煤浆，其中传统水煤浆是指制浆原料以煤基成分为主，如精煤水煤浆、低阶煤水煤浆和煤泥水煤浆，环保水煤浆则是在制浆原料上掺配了如生物质、工业废液和固体废弃物等，既可充分利用废弃物热值，又能降低处置成本，是资源化综合利用废弃物的新途径。分析对比了常规锅炉、循环流化床锅炉以及气化炉等应用场景对水煤浆的性能要求，其中常规锅炉要求水煤浆的黏度低、粒度细，制备工艺上通常采用单段磨矿工艺，循环流化床锅炉因其独特的悬浮流化燃烧方式，对水煤浆粒度和黏度的要求不高，可通过不排渣的运行方式，减少大密度床料的消耗，提高对制浆原煤的灰分含量以及灰熔融温度的包容性，气化对水煤浆的性能要求比燃烧更高，其中气化炉要求水煤浆的浆体浓度高、反应活性好，且为保证较好的雾化效果，气化水煤浆要求水煤浆颗粒的细粒度、低浆体黏度；对水煤浆制备技术的发展趋势进行了展望，提出探索低阶煤改性提质方法、超细颗粒对浆体特性的影响、拓展可掺配制浆废弃物种类等技术方向。

Preparation process is an important factor to determine the properties of coal water slurry, and then affect its storage, transportation and use. The latest research progress in the preparation process of coal water slurry was reviewed in recent years, including the preparation processes of different types of coal water slurry and the use of traditional Chinese medicine agent systems and particle size grading methods in the preparation process. Coal water slurry is divided into traditional coal water slurry and environmentally friendly coal water slurry according to the different raw materials used for slurry production. Traditional coal water slurry refers to the coal based components that are the main raw materials for slurry production, such as clean coal coal water slurry, low rank coal water coal slurry, and coal slurry water coal slurry. Environmentally friendly coal water slurry is a new way of resource utilization and comprehensive utilization of waste by blending raw materials such as biomass, industrial waste liquid, and solid waste, which can fully utilize the heat value contained in the waste and reduce disposal costs. The performance requirements of coal water slurry in application scenarios such as conventional boilers, circulating fluidized bed boilers, and gasifiers were analyzed and compared. Conventional boilers require low viscosity and fine particle size of coal water slurry, and the preparation process usually adopts a single stage grinding process. Circulating fluidized bed boilers, due to their unique suspended fluidized bed combustion method, relax the requirements for the particle size and viscosity of coal water slurry, which can reduce the consumption of high-density bed materials through non slag discharge operation, improve the inclusivity of ash content and ash melting point of raw coal for slurry production. Gasification requires higher performance of coal water slurry than combustion. The gasification furnace requires high slurry concentration and good reaction activity of coal water slurry, and to ensure good atomization effect, and the gasification of coal water slurry requires fine particle size and low slurry viscosity of coal water slurry particles. The development trend of coal water slurry preparation technology was prospected, and technical directions such as exploring low rank coal modification and upgrading methods, the influence of ultrafine particles on slurry properties, and expanding the types of slurry waste that can be mixed were proposed.

0 引言

1 不同类型水煤浆制备工艺

   1.1 传统水煤浆制备工艺

   1.2 环保水煤浆制备工艺

2 终端应用方式对水煤浆制备工艺的要求

   2.1 水煤浆在常规锅炉中的应用

   2.2 水煤浆在循环流化床锅炉中的应用

   2.3 水煤浆在气化炉中的应用

3 结语