State Key Lab of Coal Resources and Safe Mining School of Mining Engineering, Chine University of Mining and
Technology lo T Perception Mine Research Center, Chine University of Mining and Technology State and Local
Combined Engineering Lab of Mine Internet of Things Applied Technology

针对我国煤矿长壁工作面大面积压架冒顶事故时有发生,严重影响矿井安全高效生产的问题,通过案例调研、现场实测、模拟试验与理论分析,对我国采场大面积压架冒顶事故发生条件、发生机理及其防治对策进行深入系统的研究。结果表明:除坚硬顶板引起的大面积压架冒顶事故外,浅埋煤层开采、松散承压含水层下开采、特大采高开采等三类条件是我国煤矿近年来采场大面积压架冒顶事故的多(易)发条件;覆岩关键层破断结构因其上覆载荷过大而滑落失稳是造成上述三类条件下采场大面积压架冒顶的根源;根据具体开采条件下的覆岩关键层结构特征进行危险区域的预测是大面积压架冒顶灾害防治的前提,设计合理的支架工作阻力是防治压架冒顶的有效技术措施,但部分条件下单纯依靠提高支架工作阻力来防治大面积压架冒顶灾害仍难以实现,还需实施其他措施进行防范。

According to a large area powered supports jammed and roof falling accident occasionally occurred in mechanized longwall mining face in China, the mi ne safety and high efficient production was seriously affected. With the case investigation, site measurement, simulation experiment and theoretical analysis, a deep sy stematic study was conducted on roof falling accident occurred condition, occurred mechanism and prevention and control countermeasures of large area powered sup ports jammed and roof falling accidents occurred in China. The study results showed that except for large area powered supports jammed and roof falling accident oCcu rred by the hard roof, three type conditions of shallow depth seam mining, seam mining under loose and pressurized aquifer and ultra high mining height mining would b e multiple ( easily) occurred conditions of large area powered supports jammed and roof falling accidents occurred in coal mining face in China. The breaking structure of the overburden key stratum due to the overburden strata loading too high to cause sliding and stability lost would be the basic sources of the large area powered sup ports jammed and roof falling occurred in the coal mining face under the above three type conditions. The prediction on danger area according to the overburden key str atum under certain mining condition would be the prerequisite to the prevention and control of the large area powered supports jammed and roof falling disaster occurre d and rational designed working resistances of powered support would be effective technical measures to prevent and control powered supports jammed and roof fallin g. Under partial condition, only relied on the working resistances of the powered support increased would be hard to realize the prevention and control of the large area powered supports jammed and roof falling disaster and the prevention would need other measures to be conducted.

“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAK04B06)；国家自然科学基金资助项目(5174288,50974116)；