为解决粉煤热解过程中的含尘干馏气净化难题,设计了由旋风分离器和颗粒床过滤器组成的高温两级除尘实验装置。基于该装置对旋风分离器和颗粒床过滤器的除尘性能进行了研究,同时探讨了滤料、温度、焦油气等因素对系统除尘性能的影响。结果表明,两级除尘装置中旋风分离器能够完全去除28μm以上的粉尘,颗粒床过滤器能够进一步去除28μm以下的粉尘,整个系统的总除尘效率高达99. 89%。同时,颗粒床过滤器采用半焦作滤料比石英砂具有更高的过滤质量。此外,温度升高会降低旋风分离器和颗粒床过滤器的除尘效率,其对颗粒床过滤器的影响尤为显著。然而,在含焦油气的工况下,部分焦油气会在颗粒床过滤器内部产生冷凝,可以在一定程度上提高颗粒床过滤效率,还可提升焦油品质。

To solve the problem of separating coal dust from retorting gas in the process of pulverized coal pyrolysis,a two-stage dust removal apparatus consisting of cyclone separator and fixed granular bed filter was designed. Using the apparatus,a research on the dust removal performance of cyclone separator and fixed granular bed filter was carried out,and the effects of different factors like filter media,temperature and gas components on the dust removal perform-ance were investigated. The results indicates that the cyclone separator can remove the dust whose size is larger than 28 μm,and the granular bed filter can further remove the dust whose size is smaller than 28 μm,together contributing to an overall dust removal efficiency of 99. 89% . Meanwhile,semi-coke shows a better filtration performance than silica sand as the filter material of granular bed filter. In addition,the increase in temperature reduces the filtration efficien-cies of the cyclone separator and the granular bed filter,in particular,the granular bed filter. However,when the retor-ting gas contains tar gas,part of the tar oil will condense inside the granular bed filter,which promotes the filtration ef-ficiency of the granular bed filter to a certain extent and improves the tar quality.