西部黄土矿区是我国重要的煤炭生产基地，大范围采煤沉陷对矿区耕地资源造成了显著的破坏性影响，但目前对于这种采动引起的耕地变化缺乏定量监测和系统研究。以黄土高原大佛寺煤矿为研究区，通过时序遥感影像分析矿区内主要农作物时序特征，利用增强型自适应反射率时空融合模型将Landsat影像和MODIS遥感影像进行融合，构建研究区30 m分辨率的NDVI时间序列数据集，采用TIMESAT程序包中的S-G滤波法对其平滑重构，结合多光谱遥感数据以及数字高程模型，采用面向对象决策树分类模型，获取研究时段内各期农耕地利用的时序数据。基于年度遥感数据，按照采煤扰动程度将研究区域划分为采空区、沉陷区、间接影响区以及非开采影响区，通过GIS空间分析技术对各影响区内农耕地面积减少的时空分布情况进行分析统计，揭示了黄土矿区耕地变化的时空分布特征，并探讨了采煤沉陷对耕地的破坏及其相关影响。结果表明:研究区内耕地的变化与煤炭资源开采紧密相关，随着采空区的增加，耕地面积逐年减少，且以采煤初期的减少幅度最大。不同采煤扰动影响区内耕地减少情况存在差异，减少幅度随着距采空区越远而逐渐降低，耕地面积减少情况主要发生在沉陷边界以及地形变化处。此外采空区、沉陷区内耕地生产能力及农作物长势情况均较采矿前有所下降，而在煤炭开采的同时，人为干预保护措施能够在一定程度上缓解耕地面积持续减少的情况。研究结果可为黄土高原煤矿区耕地资源科学利用与保护提供参考依据。

The western loess mining area is an important coal production base in my country. Large-scale coal mining subsidence has a significant destructive effect on its cultivated land resources. However,there is currently a lack of quantitative monitoring and systematic research on the changes in cultivated land caused by such mining. This article takes the Dafosi Coal Mine in the Loess Plateau as the research area,The time series characteristics of the main crops in the mining area were analyzed through time series remote sensing images,and Landsat images and MODIS remote sensing images were combined with the enhanced adaptive reflectance spatio-temporal fusion model to construct a 30 m resolution NDVI time series data set in the study area,and use the S-G filtering method in the TIMESAT program package to smoothly reconstruct it. Combining multi-spectral remote sensing data and digital elevation models,Object-oriented combined with decision tree classification model is used to obtain time series data of farmland changes in the study area. Based on annual remote sensing data,according to the degree of coal mining disturbance,the monitoring area is divided into coal mining area,subsidence area,indirect affected area,and non-mining affected area. By GIS spatial analysis techniques to analysis the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the reduced farmland area in the different mining-affected areas,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of cultivated land area changes in loess mining areas is revealed,and discusses the destruction of cultivated land and related effects of coal mining subsidence. The results show that the change of cultivated land in the study area is closely related to the mining of coal resources. With the advancement of coal mining,the area of cultivated land in the mining area is decreasing year by year,during the study period,with the largest decrease in the initial stage of coal mining. and there are differences in the reduction of cultivated land in the areas affected by different coal mining disturbances,and the reduction gradually decreases as the distance from the Mine-out area is farther. The reduction of cultivated land mainly occurs at the subsidence boundary and topographical changes. In addition,the production capacity of cultivated land and crop conditions in the goaf and subsidence areas have declined compared with before mining. While coal mining,human intervention and protection measures can alleviate the continuous reduction of cultivated land to a certain extent. which provides a reference for the scientific utilization and protection of farmland resources in the coal mining area of the Loess Plateau.