为探究新型固定床气化炉工艺操作条件。选用低阶煤，煤颗粒平均粒径10 mm，加煤量35 kg/h，氧气量10 m3/h，运行压力设定为0.1 MPa进行试烧试验。分别进行Fluent动力学数值模拟与Aspen Plus热力学数值模拟，与实际试烧数据对比。结果表明，Fluent模拟的上出气口CO、H2、CH4、CO2体积分数与试烧的绝对误差分别为0.027、0.010、0.020、-0.057，下出气口CO、H2、CH4、CO2模拟体积分数与试烧绝对误差分别为-0.038、0.007、0.003、0.037，而Aspen Plus上出气口CO、H2、CH4、CO2模拟体积分数与试烧的绝对误差分别为0.025、-0.028、0.012、-0.009，下出气口CO、H2、CH4、CO2模拟体积分数与试烧数值的绝对误差分别为-0.022、0.010、0.002、0.010，Aspen Plus模拟结果除上出气中H2体积分数的绝对误差为-0.028，其余各组分的误差绝对值≤0.025，因此选择该模型进一步研究O2流量与煤质量流量比（O2/煤）及H2O与煤的质量流量比（H2O/煤）对煤气组成的影响。发现当O2/煤为0.328，H2O/煤为0.405时，上、下两段出气表现出较好的特性，热值较高，均达11 MJ/m3以上，可作为气化过程中的推荐操作参数。

In order to explore the operation conditions of the new fixed-bed gasifier, the numerical simulation combined with experimental data was carried out. In the experiment, low-rank coal was selected, the average particle size of coal was 10 mm, the coal dosage was 35 kg/h, the oxygen dosage was 10 m3/h, and the operating pressure was set as 0.1 MPa to carry out the gasification test and get the data. Fluent dynamics numerical simulation and Aspen Plus thermodynamic numerical simulation were carried out respectively, which was compared with the actual test firing data. The results show that the absolute errors and the experimental values of the volume fractions of CO, H2, CH4 and CO2 in the upper outlet simulated by Fluent are 0.027, 0.010, 0.020, -0.057, respectively. The absolute errors between the simulated volume fractions and the test values of CO, H2, CH4 and CO2 at the lower outlet are -0.038, 0.007, 0.003 and 0.037, respectively. The absolute errors of the volume fractions and the experimental values of CO, H2, CH4 and CO2 at the upper outlet simulated by Aspen Plus and the experimental values are 0.025, -0.028, 0.012 and -0.009, respectively. The absolute errors between the simulated and tested values of CO, H2, CH4 and CO2 at the lower outlet are -0.022, 0.010, 0.002 and 0.010, respectively. Aspen Plus simulation results show that the absolute error of H2 volume fraction in the upper outlet gas is -0.028, and the absolute error of other components is ≤0.025. Therefore, this model is selected to further study the influence of O2 flow rate to coal mass flow ratio (O2/coal) and H2O to coal mass flow ratio (H2O/coal) on gas composition. It is found that when O2/coal is 0.328 and H2O/coal is 0.405, the gas output in the upper and lower sections exhibits good characteristics, and the heating value is higher than 11 MJ/m3, which can be used as the recommended operating parameters in the gasification process.

0 引言

1 工艺介绍

2 Fluent模拟计算

   2.1 动力学模型

   2.2 Fluent模拟结果

   2.3 Fluent模拟结果分析

3 Aspen Plus模拟计算

   3.1 模型简介

   3.2 Aspen Plus模拟结果

   3.3 O2/煤对煤气组成的影响

   3.4 H2O/煤对煤气组成的影响

4 结论