Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences

生物质是地球上最丰富的可再生碳资源之一,在实现“双碳”战略目标方面扮演着重要作用。生物质热解是一项极具前景的生物质利用技术,其中热解形成的生物油有望取代传统化石能源,用于生产高值燃料或化学品。然而,生物质热解是一个十分复杂的过程,该过程及热解产物分布受诸多因素影响。因此,发展生物质热解动力学模型对指导热解工艺生产十分重要。动力学模型的研究不仅可以揭示热解过程中所涉及的物理化学变化,还可以预测热解反应速率及主要产物分布。早期构建的全局动力学模型为热解机理的理解与更详细模型的发展奠定了基础。随着生物质热解的主要研究目标由最大化生物油产量转变为最大化高附加值化学品产量,包含更多热解机理信息和可预测更多单个产物产率的半详细和详细动力学模型开始出现。主要介绍了生物质热解动力学模型的研究现状,将动力学模型分为全局模型、半详细模型和详细模型,并对未来生物质热解动力学研究及详细模型的发展进行了展望。

Biomass, one of the most abundant renewable resources on earth, plays an important role in achieving the " dual carbon" goals. Pyrolysis, a highly promising technology for biomass utilization, can produce bio-oil to replace traditional fossil fuels for producing high-value fuels or chemicals. How ever, the complex nature of biomass pyrolysis and the numerous factors influencing product distribution require the development of kinetics models to guide the process. Kinetics modeling research helps not only reveal the physical and chemical changes during pyrolysis but also predict the pyrolysis reaction rate and distribution of major products. While early global models laid the foundation for understanding the pyrolysis mechanism and paving the way for more detailed models. A recent shift in research focus from maximizing bio-oil production to maximizing high-value chemicals has driven the emergence of semi-detailed and detailed models incorporating more mechanistic information and capable of predicting individual product yields. This review primarily introduces the research progress of biomass pyrolysis ki netics modeling, categorized into global models, semi-detailed models, and detailed models, and also provides an outlook on the future development of this field.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52176213)

李亮,朱一萍,廖玉河.生物质热解动力学模型研究进展[J].能源环境保护,2024,38(2):67-80.

LI Liang, ZHU Yiping, LIAO Yuhe. Advances in kinetics modeling of biomass pyrolysis[J]. Energy Environmen⁃tal Protection, 2024, 38(2): 67-80.