锚杆附件力学性能匹配性是实现锚杆支护能力充分发挥的关键影响因素，锚杆附件不匹配易导致锚杆产生不协调变形，使其因非正常承载而破断，严重影响巷道支护效果。在分析锚杆支护巷道各附件变形破坏状况及原因的基础上，研究了锚杆螺母、托板、调心球垫及减摩垫片的力学性能及匹配性。研究结果表明：锚杆连接处的承载力与螺母强度等级、内螺纹齿高及厚度呈正相关关系，500号锚杆杆体选用的螺母强度不宜低于6级，齿高不小于0.7H，螺母厚度不小于20 mm;托板承载力与托板厚度、拱高相关，托板拱高必须达到一定高度才能具有足够承载力;球垫与托板孔口接触越合理、刚度越高越有利于锚杆角度调节，1010尼龙垫片预紧力转化系数高，且有一定延性，可有效发挥减摩效果。最后，确定了锚杆附件的技术要求，提出了不同强度等级锚杆各附件选择的原则和力学参数，并开发了相应的锚杆附件，在井下进行了试验，试验效果良好。

The compatibility of mechanical properties of bolt components is the key factor to realize the full play of bolt supporting ability. The mismatch of bolt components easily leads to the uncoordinated deformation of bolt,which makes it break under abnormal load and seriously affects the roadway supporting effect. Based on the analysis of the deformation and failure of the bolt supporting roadway components,the mechanical properties and matching of bolt nut,supporting plate,self-aligning ball pad and antifriction pad are studied. The results show that:the bearing capacity of the bolt joint is positively correlated with the nut strength grade,internal thread tooth height and thickness; the nut strength of No. 500 bolt body should not be lower than grade 6,the tooth height should not be less than 0.7H,and the nut thickness should not be less than 20 mm; the bearing capacity of the supporting plate is related to the thickness and arch height of the supporting plate,and the supporting plate arch height must reach a certain height in order to have sufficient bearing capacity; ball cushion 1010 nylon gasket has high conversion coefficient of preload and certain ductility,which can effectively play the role of friction reduction. Finally,the technical requirements of bolt components are determined,the selection principles and mechanical parameters of bolt components with different strength grades are put forward,and the corresponding bolt components are developed,and the test results are good.